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Ute Knoch; Jason Fan – Language Testing, 2024
While several test concordance tables have been published, the research underpinning such tables has rarely been examined in detail. This study aimed to survey the publically available studies or documentation underpinning the test concordance tables of the providers of four major international language tests, all accepted by the Australian…
Descriptors: Language Tests, English, Test Validity, Item Analysis
Rebecca Sickinger; Tineke Brunfaut; John Pill – Language Testing, 2025
Comparative Judgement (CJ) is an evaluation method, typically conducted online, whereby a rank order is constructed, and scores calculated, from judges' pairwise comparisons of performances. CJ has been researched in various educational contexts, though only rarely in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing settings, and is generally agreed to…
Descriptors: Writing Evaluation, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Pearson, William S. – Language Testing, 2023
Many candidates undertaking high-stakes English language proficiency tests for academic enrolment do not achieve the results they need for reasons including linguistic unreadiness, test unpreparedness, illness, an unfavourable configuration of tasks, or administrative and marking errors. Owing to the importance of meeting goals or out of a belief…
Descriptors: High Stakes Tests, English (Second Language), Language Proficiency, Language Tests
Farshad Effatpanah; Purya Baghaei; Mona Tabatabaee-Yazdi; Esmat Babaii – Language Testing, 2025
This study aimed to propose a new method for scoring C-Tests as measures of general language proficiency. In this approach, the unit of analysis is sentences rather than gaps or passages. That is, the gaps correctly reformulated in each sentence were aggregated as sentence score, and then each sentence was entered into the analysis as a polytomous…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Language Tests, Test Items, Test Construction
Assessing the Speaking Proficiency of L2 Chinese Learners: Review of the Hanyu Shuiping Kouyu Kaoshi
Li, Albert W. – Language Testing, 2023
The Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) is a multi-level, multi-purpose Chinese proficiency test developed by the Center for Language Education and Cooperation (previously the Office of Chinese Language Council International and, henceforth, referred to by its colloquial name "Hanban"). It assesses reading, writing, and listening skills of…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Language Proficiency, Chinese, Second Language Learning
Warnby, Marcus; Malmström, Hans; Hansen, Kajsa Yang – Language Testing, 2023
The academic section of the Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT-Ac) and the Academic Vocabulary Test (AVT) both assess meaning-recognition knowledge of written receptive academic vocabulary, deemed central for engagement in academic activities. Depending on the purpose and context of the testing, either of the tests can be appropriate, but for research…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Scores, Written Language, Receptive Language
Deygers, Bart; Vanbuel, Marieke – Language Testing, 2022
The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) is a widely used test of receptive vocabulary, but no researchers to date have examined the performance of low-educated, low-literate L2 adults, or compared these individuals' performances to their more highly educated peers. In this study, we used many-facet Rasch analysis and mixed-effects linear…
Descriptors: Literacy, Educational Background, Verbal Ability, Intelligence Tests
Khabbazbashi, Nahal; Galaczi, Evelina D. – Language Testing, 2020
This mixed methods study examined holistic, analytic, and part marking models (MMs) in terms of their measurement properties and impact on candidate CEFR classifications in a semi-direct online speaking test. Speaking performances of 240 candidates were first marked holistically and by part (phase 1). On the basis of phase 1 findings--which…
Descriptors: Holistic Approach, Classification, Grading, Language Tests
Vandeweerd, Nathan; Housen, Alex; Paquot, Magali – Language Testing, 2023
This study investigates whether re-thinking the separation of lexis and grammar in language testing could lead to more valid inferences about proficiency across modes. As argued by Römer, typical scoring rubrics ignore important information about proficiency encoded at the lexis-grammar interface, in particular how the co-selection of lexical and…
Descriptors: French, Language Tests, Grammar, Second Language Learning
Schnoor, Birger; Hartig, Johannes; Klinger, Thorsten; Naumann, Alexander; Usanova, Irina – Language Testing, 2023
Research on assessing English as a foreign language (EFL) development has been growing recently. However, empirical evidence from longitudinal analyses based on substantial samples is still needed. In such settings, tests for measuring language development must meet high standards of test quality such as validity, reliability, and objectivity, as…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Longitudinal Studies
Eberharter, Kathrin; Kormos, Judit; Guggenbichler, Elisa; Ebner, Viktoria S.; Suzuki, Shungo; Moser-Frötscher, Doris; Konrad, Eva; Kremmel, Benjamin – Language Testing, 2023
In online environments, listening involves being able to pause or replay the recording as needed. Previous research indicates that control over the listening input could improve the measurement accuracy of listening assessment. Self-pacing also supports the second language (L2) comprehension processes of test-takers with specific learning…
Descriptors: Literacy, Native Language, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Han, Chao; Xiao, Xiaoyan – Language Testing, 2022
The quality of sign language interpreting (SLI) is a gripping construct among practitioners, educators and researchers, calling for reliable and valid assessment. There has been a diverse array of methods in the extant literature to measure SLI quality, ranging from traditional error analysis to recent rubric scoring. In this study, we want to…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Sign Language, Deaf Interpreting, Evaluators
Mizumoto, Atsushi; Sasao, Yosuke; Webb, Stuart A. – Language Testing, 2019
The knowledge about affix plays a vital role in the development of word knowledge and vocabulary acquisition. A test for diagnostic information on the level of affix knowledge would be useful in order to inform the test users of what learners have gained or lacked in this integral component of vocabulary knowledge. This paper reports the…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Adaptive Testing, College Students, English (Second Language)
Nicklin, Christopher; Vitta, Joseph P. – Language Testing, 2022
Instrument measurement conducted with Rasch analysis is a common process in language assessment research. A recent systematic review of 215 studies involving Rasch analysis in language testing and applied linguistics research reported that 23 different software packages had been utilized. However, none of the analyses were conducted with one of…
Descriptors: Programming Languages, Vocabulary Development, Language Tests, Computer Software
Huang, Heng-Tsung Danny; Hung, Shao-Ting Alan; Plakans, Lia – Language Testing, 2018
Integrated speaking test tasks (integrated tasks) provide reading and/or listening input to serve as the basis for test-takers to formulate their oral responses. This study examined the influence of topical knowledge on integrated speaking test performance and compared independent speaking test performance and integrated speaking test performance…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Speech Tests, Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language)