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Test Impact Revisited: Washback Effect Over Time.
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Shohamy, Elana; And Others – Language Testing, 1996
Investigates the long-term effects of two national language tests in Israel, one in Arabic as a second language and one in English as a foreign language. The study employed questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis from teachers, students and language inspectors. Findings reveal that washback varies over time, owing to factors such as the…
Descriptors: Arabic, Context Effect, Courseware, Elementary Secondary Education