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Have Standard Formulas Correcting Correlations for Range Restriction Been Adequately Tested?: Minor Sampling Distribution Quirks Distort Them
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Johnson, Wendy; Deary, Ian J.; Bouchard, Thomas J., Jr. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2018
Most study samples show less variability in key variables than do their source populations due most often to indirect selection into study participation associated with a wide range of personal and circumstantial characteristics. Formulas exist to correct the distortions of population-level correlations created. Formula accuracy has been tested…
Descriptors: Correlation, Sampling, Statistical Distributions, Accuracy
Refutational Text and Multiple External Representations as a Method to Remediate the Misinterpretation of Box Plots
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Lem, Stephanie; Baert, Kathy; Ceulemans, Eva; Onghena, Patrick; Verschaffel, Lieven; Van Dooren, Wim – Educational Psychology, 2017
The ability to interpret graphs is highly important in modern society, but has proven to be a challenge for many people. In this paper, two teaching methods were used to remediate one specific misinterpretation: the area misinterpretation of box plots. First, we used refutational text to explicitly state and invalidate the area misinterpretation…
Descriptors: Graphs, Teaching Methods, Misconceptions, Statistical Data
Some Implications of Choice of Tiering Model in GCSE Mathematics for Inferences about What Students Know and Can Do
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Bramley, Tom – Research in Mathematics Education, 2017
This study compared models of assessment structure for achieving differentiation across the range of examinee attainment in the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examination taken by 16-year-olds in England. The focus was on the "adjacent levels" model, where papers are targeted at three specific non-overlapping ranges of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Mathematics Education, Student Certification, Student Evaluation
On the Misinterpretation of Histograms and Box Plots
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Lem, Stephanie; Onghena, Patrick; Verschaffel, Lieven; Van Dooren, Wim – Educational Psychology, 2013
Recent studies have shown that the interpretation of graphs is not always easy for students. In order to reason properly about distributions of data, however, one needs to be able to interpret graphical representations of these distributions correctly. In this study, we used Tversky's principles for the design of graphs to explain how 125…
Descriptors: Graphs, Data Interpretation, College Freshmen, Design
External Representations for Data Distributions: In Search of Cognitive Fit
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Lem, Stephanie; Onghana, Patrick; Verschaffel, Lieven; Van Dooren, Wim – Statistics Education Research Journal, 2013
Data distributions can be represented using different external representations, such as histograms and boxplots. Although the role of external representations has been extensively studied in mathematics, this is less the case in statistics. This study helps to fill this gap by systematically varying the representation that accompanies a task…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Graphs, Statistical Distributions, College Freshmen
Is the Male Advantage in Mental-Rotation Performance Task Independent? On the Usability of Chronometric Tests and Paper-and-Pencil Tests in Children
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Quaiser-Pohl, Claudia; Neuburger, Sarah; Heil, Martin; Jansen, Petra; Schmelter, Andrea – International Journal of Testing, 2014
This article presents a reanalysis of the data of 862 second and fourth graders collected in two previous studies, focusing on the influence of method (psychometric vs. chronometric) and stimulus type on the gender difference in mental-rotation accuracy. The children had to solve mental-rotation tasks with animal pictures, letters, or cube…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Gender Differences, Accuracy, Age Differences