The current study explored how children's social interactions during a six-month period of school closures impacted the development of their social and emotional functioning on return to school. A sample of 81 primary school children (age 8-12 years) in Ireland completed measurements of social and emotional functioning before and after the school…

The construction of self, a fundamental process for development. Twins, as they grow together, may encounter greater difficulties in individuation process. The present study aims to investigate the construction of the image of the self and of the self with its own twin/sibling through the drawing of the human figure and to highlight any…

Research Findings: Few studies have examined second-born preschool children's empathy development under China's universal two-child policy. The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in empathy between Chinese preschool children with one older sibling and without siblings. A total of 180 children were purposively sampled from 14…

A questionnaire given to 221 mothers for gathering information about residential area and family size and three aspects in children's play habits: frequency, location, and choice of playmate. The results showed that there was a general tendency to play indoors rather than outdoors, regardless of residential area (urban vs. rural). Family size and…

The aim of the present study was to compare the relationships of siblings of children with sensory impairments and typically developing children. The statistical population of the study included all siblings of children with blindness, deafness, and typically developing children in Shiraz, Iran. The sample consisted of 91 siblings (23 siblings of…

Research Findings: Since 2011, China has started to loosen its tight on the One-child Policy (OCP), which has impacted parent's child-rearing beliefs and the provision of home learning environment that constitutes family environment. Utilizing parent-reported data on 4,364 zero- to eight-year-olds from the China Family Panel Study (CFPS, wave…

This study investigated the relationship among gender, sibling constellation, age, and young children's creativity performance in the Fluency, Imagination, Originality dimensions of creativity, as well as the developmental trajectory of their creativity performance. In total, 493 young children took the Torrance's Thinking Creatively in Action and…

The article relates to the therapeutic and educational impacts of The Child Home boarding school, from the perspective of its graduates some 65 years ago. The research aim is to examine the processes and experiences undergone in the school, and to study its unique therapeutic and educational attributes. The research method is qualitative, based on…

Children with Down syndrome (DS) and cerebral palsy (CP) are at risk of remaining pre-symbolic in their communication and play for prolonged periods. The aim of this study was to explore the early communication and play of children with DS and with CP who communicated at the pre-symbolic stage, and to determine the association between these…

Longitudinal data were obtained from 157 children aged 3 years 3 months to 5 years 6 months at Time 1. At Time 2 these children had aged an average of 12 months. Theory of mind (ToM) and executive functioning (EF) were measured at both time points. Results suggest that Time 1 ToM scores predict Time 2 EF scores. Detailed examination of sibling…

Background: Recent models of the early emergence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) propose that infant intrinsic risk susceptibilities in behaviour may be amplified by interaction within the early social environment into an increasingly atypical developmental trajectory. This study examines whether 6- and 12-month parent-infant interactions in…

Research Findings: Sibling pretend play, collaboration, and creativity during maternal presence and absence were investigated in 24 dyads in early and middle childhood (younger siblings' M age = 5.3 years; older siblings' M age = 8.2 years). Associations between sibling behavior and maternal interaction (e.g., guidance, positive responses) were…

This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2018, organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). Modern psychology offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and…

This paper focuses on a commonly-reported horizontal division between what boys feel to be the circumstances surrounding the lives of older generations and those surrounding their own. This aspect of individualization is explored, seeking to discover the discourses today's boys look to for routes to travel in their search for an independent, adult…

Children and adolescents have different understandings of death. For the baby, death is equated with separation. For toddlers, grief occurs when they realize the person is not returning. The preschool child who tends to live in the present with no clear concept of past or future will not understand the finality. Around ages 4 and 5, death is often…