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Showing 1 to 15 of 24 results Save | Export
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Farran, Emily K.; Purser, Harry R. M.; Jarrold, Christopher; Thomas, Michael S. C.; Scerif, Gaia; Stojanovik, Vesna; Van Herwegen, Jo – Developmental Science, 2024
Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic syndrome. As with all rare syndromes, obtaining adequately powered sample sizes is a challenge. Here we present legacy data from seven UK labs, enabling the characterisation of cross-sectional and longitudinal developmental trajectories of verbal and non-verbal development in the largest sample of…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Verbal Communication, Nonverbal Communication, Communication Skills
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Bruno Sauce; John Wiedenhoeft; Nicholas Judd; Torkel Klingberg – npj Science of Learning, 2021
The interplay of genetic and environmental factors behind cognitive development has preoccupied multiple fields of science and sparked heated debates over the decades. Here we tested the hypothesis that developmental genes rely heavily on cognitive challenges - as opposed to natural maturation. Starting with a polygenic score (cogPGS) that…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Children, Adolescents, Short Term Memory
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Mairon, Noam; Abramson, Lior; Knafo-Noam, Ariel; Perry, Anat; Nahum, Mor – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Empathy and executive functions (EFs) are multimodal constructs that enable individuals to cope with their environment. Both abilities develop throughout childhood and are known to contribute to social behavior and academic performance in young adolescents. Notably, mentalizing and EF activate shared frontotemporal brain areas, which in previous…
Descriptors: Empathy, Correlation, Twins, Longitudinal Studies
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Taupiac, Emmanuelle; Lacombe, Didier; Thiébaut, Eric; Van-Gils, Julien; Michel, Grégory; Fergelot, Patricia; Adrien, Jean-Louis – Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 2021
Background: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterised by several typical somatic characteristics and by developmental disabilities with various degrees of severity. Focusing on children with RSTS, the aim of this study was to describe their psychomotor, cognitive, and socio-emotional developmental…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Congenital Impairments, Severe Intellectual Disability, Children
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Smolucha, Larry; Smolucha, Francine – Early Child Development and Care, 2021
According to Lev S. Vygotsky (1896-1934), the highest levels of abstract thinking and self-regulation in preschool development are established in "pretend play using object substitutions." An extensive research literature supports Vygotsky's empirical model of the internalization of self-guiding speech (social speech > private speech…
Descriptors: Learning Theories, Early Childhood Education, Abstract Reasoning, Self Control
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Fujisawa, Keiko K.; Todo, Naoya; Ando, Juko – Infant and Child Development, 2017
Executive functions (EF) are an important predictor of later adaptive development. A number of environmental influences, such as parenting, have been suggested as important promoters of EF development. However, behavioural genetic research has demonstrated that many environmental influences could be affected by genetic influences. Therefore, it is…
Descriptors: Genetics, Environmental Influences, Preschool Children, Correlation
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Rice, Mabel L.; Zubrick, Stephen R.; Taylor, Catherine L.; Hoffman, Lesa; Gayán, Javier – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2018
Purpose: This study investigates the heritability of language, speech, and nonverbal cognitive development of twins at 4 and 6 years of age. Possible confounding effects of twinning and zygosity, evident at 2 years, were investigated among other possible predictors of outcomes. Method: The population-based twin sample included 627 twin pairs and 1…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Genetics, Twins, Cognitive Development
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Tillmann, J.; Ashwood, K.; Absoud, M.; Bölte, S.; Bonnet-Brilhault, F.; Buitelaar, J. K.; Calderoni, S.; Calvo, R.; Canal-Bedia, R.; Canitano, R.; De Bildt, A.; Gomot, M.; Hoekstra, P. J.; Kaale, A.; McConachie, H.; Murphy, D. G.; Narzisi, A.; Oosterling, I.; Pejovic-Milovancevic, M.; Persico, A. M.; Puig, O.; Roeyers, H.; Rommelse, N.; Sacco, R.; Scandurra, V.; Stanfield, A. C.; Zander, E.; Charman, T. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Research on sex-related differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been impeded by small samples. We pooled 28 datasets from 18 sites across nine European countries to examine sex differences in the ASD phenotype on the ADI-R (376 females, 1763 males) and ADOS (233 females, 1187 males). On the ADI-R, early childhood restricted and…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Age Differences, Diagnostic Tests, Observation
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Van Den Heuvel, Ellen; Manders, Eric; Swillen, Ann; Zink, Inge – Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 2017
Background: Children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) are reported to have socio-communicative impairments. Although many of these children are diagnosed with intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), these populations are seldom used as control groups. Hence, information regarding syndrome-specific…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Communication Problems, Interpersonal Competence, Interpersonal Communication
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Fujisawa, Keiko K.; Ozaki, Koken; Suzuki, Kunitake; Yamagata, Shinji; Kawahashi, Ikko; Ando, Juko – Developmental Science, 2012
Although growth in head circumference (HC) during infancy is known to predict later childhood outcomes, the mechanisms underlying this association with later sociocognitive abilities remain undetermined. Thus, using a sample of 241 pairs of normally developing Japanese twins, this study investigated the underpinnings of the association between HC…
Descriptors: Infants, Genetics, Environmental Influences, Human Body
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Lynn, Richard – Intelligence, 2012
Criticisms advanced by Felice and Giugliano (2011) of the thesis that IQs in Italy are higher in the north than in the south are answered and new data confirming the thesis are given from the PISA 2009 study and for math and reading abilities in the recent INVALSI study. New genetic data are given showing higher frequency of blond hair the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Reading Ability, Mathematics, Intelligence Tests
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Roivainen, Eka – Intelligence, 2012
Lynn and Vanhanen (2012) have convincingly established that national IQs correlate positively with GDP, education, and many other social and economic factors. The direction of causality remains debatable. The present study re-examines data from military psychological assessments of the German federal army that show strong IQ gains of 0.5 IQ point…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Foreign Countries, Economic Factors, Social Influences
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Felice, Emanuele; Giugliano, Ferdinando – Intelligence, 2011
In his article "In Italy, North-South differences in IQ predict differences in income, education, infant mortality, stature, and literacy," Richard Lynn claims to have found the reason causing the divergence between the Northern and the Southern regions of Italy. This article identifies the four main hypotheses formulated in his paper…
Descriptors: Infant Mortality, Intelligence Tests, Intelligence Quotient, Foreign Countries
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Hogan, Alexandra M.; Virues-Ortega, Javier; Botti, Ana Baya; Bucks, Romola; Holloway, John W.; Rose-Zerilli, Matthew J.; Palmer, Lyle J.; Webster, Rebecca J.; Baldeweg, Torsten; Kirkham, Fenella J. – Developmental Science, 2010
Millions of people currently live at altitudes in excess of 2500 metres, where oxygen supply is limited, but very little is known about the development of brain and behavioural function under such hypoxic conditions. We describe the physiological, cognitive and behavioural profile of a large cohort of infants (6-12 months), children (6-10 years)…
Descriptors: Ethnicity, American Indians, Adolescents, Foreign Countries
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Franke, Gaitano; Bogner, Franz X. – Journal of Educational Research, 2011
In a German out-of-school laboratory, 293 medium-achieving 10th-grade students participated in a lesson unit about gene technology. They were divided into two groups (I-1, I-2), both of which followed the same hands-on lesson procedure. Students within I-2 were additionally confronted with alternative conceptions to central issues of the specific…
Descriptors: Units of Study, Misconceptions, Foreign Countries, Academic Achievement
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