Some philosophers argue that reflection is key to rational thinking. By tying reflective thinking to language, they struggle to account for minimally verbal infants and exclude nonhuman animals. This study assessed processing of undermining defeaters--a basic form of reflective thinking--in 36 two-year-old British children (13 female; M[subscript…

With the continuous development of society and the increasing intensity of competition, academic stress and mental internal friction among college students have become increasingly prominent. This study aimed to explore the relationships and underlying mechanisms among academic involution, mental internal friction, academic stress, and rumination…

Acquiescence is the tendency of participants to shift their responses to agreement. Lechner et al. (2019) introduced the following mechanisms of acquiescence: social deference and cognitive processing. We added their interaction into a theoretical framework. The sample consists of 557 participants. We found significant medium strong relationship…

This research, which aims to determine the regulatory role of mindfulness in the relationship between creative thinking and reflective thinking, is a mixed method research in which quantitative and qualitative research methods are used together. The research was designed in a mixed-method convergent parallel design. The quantitative part was…

This paper unpacks our efforts as external evaluators to work toward decolonizing our evaluation practice. Undertaking this writing exercise as a form of reflective practice demonstrated that decolonization is much more complex than simply translating materials, organizing locals to collect data, and building participants' capacity around Western…

This article proposes a comprehensive AI curriculum tailored for young learners aged 11 to 14, emphasizing a humanistic approach. We review other AI curricula proposals for children and young people and underline that they focus primarily on AI's technological benefits and on learning coding and logic. Our curriculum explores human cognition that…

Although students are the key actors in their transition to higher education, there is limited research concentrating on student agency in a successful transition. This study examines how Chinese students actively and effectively manage their transition to the Sino-foreign cooperative university (SFCU). In X University -- one of nine SFCUs in…

This study explores the use of virtual worlds, specifically Minecraft, on sustainability education and cognitive skills. Using the Teaching to Inspire model as a lens, we examine how students design sustainable virtual buildings and cityscapes aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the social-ecological systems (SES) framework. Our…

This paper presents autoethnographic strategies to manage cognitive dissonance in art teacher education. Dissonance, as a conflict in beliefs and actions, is discussed in educational research but not commonly in art education. By exposing the autoethnographic voices of three academic artist teachers based in the United Kingdom and Singapore,…

This research aims to examine the self-regulation of students with different achievement levels toward science learning based on Zimmerman's model including three phases: forethought, performance, and self-reflection. The research was conducted based on the case study from the qualitative research method. The study group consisted of 12 students…

Computational thinking (CT) is an imperative competency in the 21st century. Mindtools can assist students in understanding concepts and decomposing tasks during CT development through programming. However, students may encounter challenges in complex CT problem-solving tasks due to being confused when using mindtools without proper guidance.…

Solving chemical problems entails content knowledge and mastery of problem-solving processes. However, students sometimes lack metacognitive processes required for problem solving in chemistry. This study investigated how first-year chemistry students engaged with the metacognitive problem-solving scaffold Goldilocks Help. Data was collected from…

Background/purpose: This study analyzes the commognition of students with low Working Memory Capacity (WMC) when solving calculus problems, particularly in integral material. Commognition, which merges cognition and communication, is explored through four indicators: keywords (stating knowns and unknowns), visual mediators (graphical…

In this study, we investigated perceived social-emotional competence (PSEC) among 373 Australian secondary school students in relation to parent ratings of social-emotional skills, and perceived teacher and parental autonomy support. Using bifactor exploratory structural equation modelling, we examined five dimensions of PSEC (perceived competence…

Comparison shopping is good financial practice, but situations involving numbers and computations are challenging for consumers with math anxiety. We asked North Americans (N = 256) to select the better deal between two products differing in volume and price. As predicted, math anxiety was negatively related to performance on this Price Comparison…