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Direct linkHilton, Annette; Hilton, Geoff; Dole, Shelley; Goos, Merrilyn – Mathematics Education Research Journal, 2013
Proportional reasoning involves the use of ratios in the comparison of quantities. While it is a key aspect of numeracy, particularly in the middle years of schooling, students do not always develop proportional reasoning naturally. Research suggests that many students do not apply proportional methods appropriately and that they often erroneously…
Descriptors: Diagnostic Tests, Thinking Skills, Psychometrics, Skill Analysis
Download full textValverde, Gabriela; Castro, Encarnación – PNA, 2012
We present the findings of a study on prospective elementary teachers' proportional reasoning. After describing some of the teachers' performance in solving multiplicative structure problems that involve ratios and relations of direct proportionality between quantities, we were able to establish classifications of their answers according to…
Descriptors: Elementary School Teachers, Thinking Skills, Performance Based Assessment, Multiplication
Peer reviewedMulligan, Joanne – Mathematics Education Research Journal, 1992
Children's (n=70) solution strategies to a variety of multiplication and division word problems were analyzed to determine performance levels and strategies used. Solution strategies were classified at three levels: direct modeling with counting; no direct modeling with counting, additive, or subtractive strategies; and use of known derived facts.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style, Constructivism (Learning)
