In learning during the current epidemic, students cannot meet face to face on campus, and learning geometry in universities is a dreadful lesson before the pandemic. Both at UPGRIS and other private universities so far, students are required to use a compass and ruler in making flat shapes and building spaces so they have to face to face with the…

This study investigated to what extent people can develop global spatial representations of a multiroom environment through one-shot physical walking between rooms. In Experiment 1, the participants learned objects' locations in one room of an immersive virtual environment. They were blindfolded and led to walk to a testing position either within…

Extant literature has preliminarily confirmed the potential benefits of holographic projections for educational purposes. Yet, students' experiences of learning by holographic projection have rarely been addressed. The main purpose of this study was therefore to explore students' conceptions of and approaches to learning by holographic projection.…

The primary goal of this research was to examine the impact of Augmented Reality (AR) based virtual interaction and physical interaction on the development of spatial skills in Xining Qinghai, China's primary school students (aged 8 to 10). The research was conducted in a public-school setting with 54 participants using a quasi-experimental…

The crystal structure is an important topic in the STEM field and the basic knowledge to determine the material structure and its behaviour. There is a wealth of literature on three-dimensional (3D) and augmented reality (AR) technology to represent 3D crystal environments to provide a new way of visualisation and to foster spatial skills. This…

This article discusses the effect of using a commercial off-the-shelf immersive virtual reality game on engineering students' reaction time, hand-eye coordination, and spatial skills. Fifteen (15) college engineering students in Northern Taiwan were conveniently recruited in a single group. Participants were tasked to play the game for 30 min…

Purpose: Challenges of conducting site visit activities, a vital component of architecture learning during the recent pandemic have proved our unreadiness in facing the digital future. The lack of understanding of learning technology has affected the education experience. Thus, there is a need to investigate immersive learning technology such as…

Based on "Virtual Reality" (VR), this study constructed a teaching software of glacier terrain, which allows students to explore freely in virtual environment and the effect of different learning modes. This study also collected students' spatial ability and geographical learning achievement, and explored whether students' spatial…

Spatial reasoning has been shown to be an important, trainable cognitive skillset for developing successful engagement in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), but little empirical work has been conducted in the context of digitally mediated pedagogies. This paper reports on a study into the effectiveness of a technologically…

The aim of this research is to determine whether the use of augmented reality applications in the teaching of the subject of ''Geometric objects'' in the sixth grade mathematics class has an effect on the development of students' geometric thinking levels and spatial ability. The research was conducted using a pre experimental design, one of the…

Although beacon- and map-based spatial strategies are the default strategies for navigation activities, today's navigational aids mostly follow a beacon-based design where one is provided with turn-by-turn instructions. Recent research, however, shows that our reliance on these navigational aids is causing a decline in our spatial skills. We are…

Engineering drawing is valuable in capturing geometric features, conveying engineering ideas, and creating a blueprint of the intended product. Engineering students usually perform orthographic projections, imagining a 3D situation and sketching its 2D representation. That requires imagination and mental visualization, determined by the learner's…

Augmented reality (AR) is a valuable tool which is becoming more easily accessible due to the recent developments in mobile device technology and the growing availability of AR content. Augmented reality refers to computer generated 3D objects superimposed onto real life scenes. Unlike virtual reality, AR simply needs a device with a camera, the…

In the 11th-grade Vietnamese Mathematics Curriculum, students learn about parallel relations between planes in space. This is cognitively challenging for many students. Studies have shown difficulties relating to limited spatial imagination and drawing representations. The teacher's approach also causes difficulties for some students; for example,…

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe an educational virtual reality (VR) photo-based tour used in an online course and investigate the influence of immersive capability on the dimensions of spatial presence and their relationship with learning-related variables. Design/methodology/approach: The study employs a descriptive and an…