Current research on therapist self-disclosure suggests that not all therapy skills have been successfully adapted when working with clients from diverse backgrounds. Using semi-structured interviews, nine therapists were asked about the ways in which they use self-disclosure with their clients and the ways in which they refrain from revealing…

The main purpose of this study was to examine the ethical beliefs of Turkish senior counseling students who are eligible to be counselors, and to compare these beliefs with those of Turkish freshmen counseling students based on Turkish counseling ethical codes. Gibson and Pope's (1993) ethical beliefs and practice survey was used to collect data…

Aim(s): This review aims to explore influences on educational psychology (EP) practice in the United Kingdom (UK) with children, young people (CYP) and families from minority cultural and linguistic (C&L) backgrounds, as presented in the literature (2006--2020). Method/Rationale: Educational psychologists (EPs) have a professional imperative…

In this article we discuss how clients who have immigrated to Canada and Canadian counsellors negotiate cross-cultural misunderstandings as opportunities to transcend reified assumptions about cultures. Cultural differences as well as discrepancies in translation need to be worked out for counsellors and clients to arrive at shared understandings…

The recent focus on social justice issues in career development is primarily conceptual in nature and few resources account for the challenges or successes experienced by career development practitioners. The purpose of this article is to report the results of a research study of career practitioners in Canada regarding the competencies they use…

This paper examines the importance of the therapeutic relationship and the need for cultural competence in adventure therapy. Cultural differences between therapist and client can sometimes result in possible misinterpretation and conflict, which can lead to problems in the therapeutic relationship and negatively affect treatment outcomes. This…

Social service agencies and practitioners are continually challenged to provide services that are effective for, and reflective of, cultural and religious diversity. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 50 social work practitioners in four Canadian cities to gain insight into methods of practice that are culturally sensitive for work with…

Canadian counsellors are increasingly called upon to work with diverse client populations whose needs may not be met through traditional counselling models. The question for many is how to develop the attitudes, knowledge, and skills for competent and ethical practice. This article introduces core competencies designed to assist counsellors to…

Points out the need for developing particular skills for working with clients who are racially or culturally dissimilar from the counselor, especially in the Canadian society. The more frequent difficulties are discussed, and recommendations for ways in which counselors and counselor educators can meet this challenge are discussed. (Author/JAC)

Therapeutic counseling, for either clinical or developmental purposes, has been traditionally influenced by the socio-cultural values in Western society. Central to these values, it can be argued, is liberal individualism that attempts to bring to people an increased sense of self-control and self-determination. As a result, many of the…

Attempts to delineate recurrent problems between counselors and Canadian-Native clients. Notes that attitude and value differences exist between Natives and Non-Natives. Suggests that counselors need to show flexibility and understanding of inter-ethnic issues. (Author/ABB)

A study of multicultural social work practice interviewed 13 Canadian social workers and 19 immigrant clients in a program for inner-city children and families. Establishing a working relationship was an interactive process that included multiple connection and communication avenues. Proactive service provision involved cultural bridging,…

Some First Nations communities in northern Ontario have requested vocational counseling services to help youth select careers and reduce student attrition. However, Euro-American counseling practices may not be appropriate for Native clients. This paper describes the approach of the Anishanabek Educational Institute (AEI), which was established to…

Describes a qualitative study that investigated the experiences of White male counselors who work with First Nations clients. Results reveal five predominant themes that include the following: encountering difference; establishing relationships; a willingness to learn; evolving professional identities; and impact on self-awareness. Includes…

Cultural awareness enlarges the world view of traditional counseling methodologies that teach that the dominant society's values are the healthy norms to use in assessing and assisting ethnic groups. A dominant society counselor or therapist can be more effective in helping members of other groups by utilizing self-awareness and developing a…