Introduction: The research analyses four science primary school textbooks designed for the 3rd grade. Methods: The textbooks were analysed using various methods and procedures. It was determined which of the examined textbooks is the most educationally effective, meaning it not only provides information from the respective field and focuses on…

Unconscious biases can be thought of as the shortcuts the brain takes to make life easier. Psychologists Daniel Kahneman (2011) and Amos Tversky explain that unconscious biases arise because humans have two thinking systems: a fast, automatic (unconscious) system and a slower more deliberative (conscious) system. The first system can be thought of…

One of the main problems encountered in the online learning process is the low or absence of students' engagement. They may face problems with behavioral engagement, cognitive engagement, emotional engagement in online learning environments. It is thought that the problems related to students' engagements can be overcome with personalized…

The intended curriculum is arguably one of the most important components within any national educational system although those in primary science have not been subject to extensive research scrutiny. Based on reformed primary science curricula from Hong Kong, mainland China, and Taiwan, we compared them on two key features: (1) levels of knowledge…

The application of gamification methods is still complex for most Latin American teachers who apply gamified pedagogies. Many confuse their nature with cognitivist classes that are totally confusing when using gamified tools for active learning of their students. The background information states the reduction of academic obstacles for students to…

The aim of this study was to examine the role of aesthetic practice in elementary school and the consequences for children's meaning-making in science. More specifically, we intended to scrutinise what science learning emerges within the process, to target the consequences of adopting art practice in science class and to explore these two…

This study presents an in-depth exploration of the types of discursive functions of teacher questioning and the potential cognitive correspondences embedded in the questioning. The participants were a science teacher and his class of 26 sixth-grade students who were engaged in an immersion science inquiry activity. The major data source was a…

In this study, the relationship between the levels of 5th grade science course exam questions and the 5th class learning outcomes of the science curriculum in the revised Bloom taxonomy was examined. The research was carried out using document analysis method. Since the revised Bloom taxonomy categories were used for the analysis, the data…

A constructivist philosophy underpinning science teaching and learning for over 100 years in United Kingdom (UK) classrooms places "conceptual change" at the heart of classroom work in which children's scientific ideas form, strengthen and change. In this article, the author explains how the simple, effective method of "eyes…

The "Next Generation Science Standards" framework outlines scientific and engineering practices as a key element of student development. Educators are just beginning to discover effective and meaningful ways to teach science content to students with intellectual disability; however, the literature on teaching science practices is still…

Engineering Habits of Mind (EHoMs) were first introduced to a target group of Year 9 (age 14) students who the authors felt were disengaged with science, technology, and computing. These students were invited to take part in an engineering challenge with a school in Qatar. This involved making a bridge and rolling a marble over the bridge. The…

This study is for the implication of editorial design in science textbooks which are designed for student-centered instruction, when the elements of the editorial design are different, we focus on how the students' eye movement and cognitive load change. For this, we produced a new book for 5th grade students in elementary school that is modified…

Scientific reasoning abilities are already developing in elementary-school-aged children and enable them to understand the world around them. The goal of the current study was to develop a new instrument for 8- to 10-year-old children in Grades 3 and 4 to measure their understanding of the steps of the "scientific inquiry cycle" (SIC).…

Owing to the popularity of tablet computers and smart phones, e-books have become an important medium for both formal and informal learning. However, conventional e-books are mainly designed to provide information in the form of multimedia, implying that students spend most of their time memorizing and comprehending what they read from e-books,…

Thinking and other non-cognitive skills are becoming more important because the information explosion means less reliance on memorising facts and more on the ability to understand, analyse, apply, evaluate and create. In addition, many learners entering schools today will work in job categories not yet imagined; therefore a teaching focus on fact…