This paper delves into the effects of public investment on primary school enrollment in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) across three decades, from 1990 to 2020. Autoregressive distributed lag models are employed to evaluate their long-term relationship for the whole sample and four distinct sub-samples while also probing the potential…

While the tuition fee system has had a large amount of political and media attention in the last two decades, far less attention has been paid to the student maintenance system -- the amount of funding students have access to for day to day living expenses. But for many students, this funding is of more immediate importance, and can have a major…

To investigate the relationship between Chinese university funding and academic output, we collected data on the scale and the structure of funding and academic output of 36 World-Class universities under construction in China during 2013-21 and 2014-22. Furthermore, we empirically analyzed the effects of funding scale and structure on academic…

This study was based on the data of the funding scale, income and expenditure structure and academic output level of the Russell Group universities from 2013 to 2022. By using methods such as the Granger causality test and the two-way fixed effects model, it analyses the relationship between the funding scale, structure and the academic output.…

Using data from the latest 2017 Ghana Living Standards Survey Round Seven, this paper explores variables affecting household spending on education using the OLS model. The results showed that in the 12 months preceding the survey, household in the southern regions of Ghana increased their education spending on all the three types of the education…

Educational equality is a priority in sustaining economic and human development. This study examines regional educational inequality in Türkiye by considering educational attainment, income distribution, and education spending. Average years of schooling improved in all regions between 2008 and 2020. The Education Gini and Theil indexes indicate…

The paper, based on a primary survey, explores the inequalities in access and household investment on the market-based 'supplemental educational services' (SESs) in post-compulsory school education (i.e. secondary level of education) in Haryana, a northern state in India. We find that around 44% of students access SESs in secondary education in…

Simon Kuznets and John Maynard Keynes did research on the subject of propensity to consume. Kuznets asserted that people do not alter their consumption/saving ratio and spend more when they have more disposable income. Keynes alleged that when disposable income increases, the rate of saving also increases over time because people tend to keep…

This research to be conducted in South Sulawesi by taking several schools as a sample of the teaching population from couples of private senior high schools and Madrasah Aliah school. The research objectives were to identify and explain the relationship among school economic performance, teacher quality, income and consumption expenditures that…

In our world where unlimited human needs are tried to be met with limited resources, the effort to use resources in the most effective way is the reason for the existence of economics. The aim of this research is to examine the awareness of the concepts and topics that are planned to be taught to the 4th grade students' social studies curriculum…

Financial literacy, as a fundamental skill in the 21st century, has become a life skill that is urgently needed to be improved. Globally, the drive to enhance financial literacy involves integrating it into the education curriculum, necessitating educators' comprehensive grasp of financial literacy education before imparting it to students. This…

The aim of this research is to discover the views of school principals on school financing and to generate alternative suggestions for a better financial management system. For this purpose, 16 high school principals were interviewed through a purposeful sampling method from different socio-economic environments in a large city center of Turkey. A…

The bounds testing (augmented autoregressive distributed lag, ARDL) technique to cointegration was used in this study to investigate the effect of household income and expenditure on tertiary school enrolment in Nigeria from 1970 to 2020. The model was employed to estimate the relationship between these three variables while also accounting for…

We study the effects of intergovernmental grants on school spending within the Finnish system of high school education funding. Using a kinked grant rule, the system allocates lump-sum intergovernmental grants to local high school education providers. Utilizing the quasi-experimental variation in grants given by the rule, we identify the effects…

Debt will provide economic benefits if it is used for productive things and the debtor have a good plan to repay. Many of the women in the village of Baleturi are in debt, but most of the women who are in debt do not use the money for productive activities. As a result, they decide to take on new debts in order to pay off old debts. The purpose of…