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Löffler, Christoph; Frischkorn, Gidon T.; Rummel, Jan; Hagemann, Dirk; Schubert, Anna-Lena – Journal of Intelligence, 2022
The worst performance rule (WPR) describes the phenomenon that individuals' slowest responses in a task are often more predictive of their intelligence than their fastest or average responses. To explain this phenomenon, it was previously suggested that occasional lapses of attention during task completion might be associated with particularly…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Reaction Time, Intelligence, Task Analysis
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Goecke, Benjamin; Schmitz, Florian; Wilhelm, Oliver – Journal of Intelligence, 2021
Performance in elementary cognitive tasks is moderately correlated with fluid intelligence and working memory capacity. These correlations are higher for more complex tasks, presumably due to increased demands on working memory capacity. In accordance with the binding hypothesis, which states that working memory capacity reflects the limit of a…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Cognitive Processes, Short Term Memory, Reaction Time
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Schubert, Anna-Lena; Hagemann, Dirk; Löffler, Christoph; Frischkorn, Gidon T. – Journal of Intelligence, 2020
Several studies have demonstrated that individual differences in processing speed fully mediate the association between age and intelligence, whereas the association between processing speed and intelligence cannot be explained by age differences. Because measures of processing speed reflect a plethora of cognitive and motivational processes, it…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Aging (Individuals), Age Differences, Individual Differences
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Rastelli, Clara; Greco, Antonino; Finocchiaro, Chiara – Journal of Intelligence, 2020
The current theories suggest the fundamental role of semantic memory in creativity, mediating bottom-up (divergent thinking) and top-down (fluid intelligence) cognitive processes. However, the relationship between creativity, intelligence, and the organization of the semantic memory remains poorly-characterized in children. We investigated the…
Descriptors: Memory, Semantics, Correlation, Intelligence
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Liu, Yu-Cheng; Liang, Chaoyun – International Journal of Educational Psychology, 2020
Differences exist between engineering and liberal arts students because of their educational backgrounds. Therefore, they solve problems differently. This study examined the brain activation of these two groups of students when they responded to 12 questions of verbal, numerical, or spatial intelligence. A total of 25 engineering and 25 liberal…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Engineering Education, Spatial Ability, Liberal Arts
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Ganimian, Alejandro J. – Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2020
This is one of the first evaluations of a "growth-mindset" intervention at scale in a developing country. I randomly assigned 202 public secondary schools in Salta, Argentina, to a treatment group in which Grade 12 students were asked to read about the malleability of intelligence, write a letter to a classmate, and post their letters in…
Descriptors: Intervention, Foreign Countries, Grade 12, Secondary School Students
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Obradovic, Jelena; Finch, Jenna E.; Portilla, Ximena A.; Rasheed, Muneera A.; Tirado-Strayer, Nicole; Yousafzai, Aisha K. – Developmental Science, 2019
This study extends the methodological and theoretical understanding of executive functions (EFs) in preschoolers from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). First, the authors describe a rigorous process of adapting and evaluating six EF tasks to produce a culturally and developmentally appropriate measure of emerging EFs in a large sample of…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Low Income, Task Analysis, Child Development
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Rahbari, Noriyeh; Vaillancourt, Tracy – Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 2015
Executive functions (EFs) and intelligence were examined concurrently and longitudinally in 126 preschool children. EF was assessed using the Flexible Item Selection Task (FIST) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version (BRIEF-P). Children's intelligence was assessed using the Verbal and Performance subtests from…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Executive Function, Intelligence, Preschool Children
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Zarrella, Immacolata; Lonigro, Antonia; Perrella, Raffaella; Caviglia, Giorgio; Laghi, Fiorenzo – Early Child Development and Care, 2018
The present research explored the relation between socio-cognitive skills, as Theory of Mind and affective empathy, social behaviour, attachment style and scholastic success in children, aged from 8 to 11 years (N = 159; 90 females, 69 males; M[subscript age] = 9,60; DS = 0.78). Several assessment tools were administered to children on mentalizing…
Descriptors: Social Behavior, Empathy, Child Development, Academic Achievement
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Stepankova, Hana; Lukavsky, Jiri; Buschkuehl, Martin; Kopecek, Miloslav; Ripova, Daniela; Jaeggi, Susanne M. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
There is accumulating evidence that training on working memory (WM) generalizes to other nontrained domains, and there are reports of transfer effects extending as far as to measures of fluid intelligence. Although there have been several demonstrations of such transfer effects in young adults and children, they have been difficult to demonstrate…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Older Adults, Spatial Ability, Intervention
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Ghisletta, Paolo; Rabbitt, Patrick; Lunn, Mary; Lindenberger, Ulman – Intelligence, 2012
Many aspects of cognition decline from middle to late adulthood, but the dimensionality and generality of this decline have rarely been examined. We analyzed 20-year longitudinal data of 6203 middle-aged to very old adults from Greater Manchester and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK. Participants were assessed up to eight times on 20 tasks of fluid…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Individual Differences, Memory, Foreign Countries
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Zbainos, Dimitrios – International Education Studies, 2012
The present study attempted to investigate an application of the theory of Successful Intelligence (Sternberg, 1997) in lower Greek secondary schools, through a school tests believing that school assessments should be based on solid, empirically investigated theoretical foundations. The test was administered to 2663 students with a mean age of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Secondary Education, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests
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Schecklmann, Martin; Ehlis, Ann-Christine; Plichta, Michael M.; Dresler, Thomas; Heine, Monika; Boreatti-Hummer, Andrea; Romanos, Marcel; Jacob, Christian; Pauli, Paul; Fallgatter, Andreas J. – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2013
Objective: It is an open question whether working memory (WM) and response inhibition (RI) constitute one integral phenotype in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: The authors investigated 45 adult ADHD patients and 41 controls comparable for age, gender, intelligence, and education during a letter n-back and a stop-signal…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Task Analysis, Patients
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Bergner, Sabine; Neubauer, Aljoscha C. – High Ability Studies, 2011
A male advantage in spatial abilities is assumed to underlie their superior performance in complex mathematical problems. In this study we investigated whether sex differences in mental rotation (MR) tasks are related to female underachievement and whether training effects of a MR training can be generalized across achievers and underachievers.…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Gifted, Underachievement, Intelligence
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Schroeders, Ulrich; Wilhelm, Oliver; Bucholtz, Nina – Intelligence, 2010
Receptive foreign language proficiency is usually measured with reading and listening comprehension tasks. A novel approach to assess such proficiencies--viewing comprehension--is based on the presentation of short instructional videos followed by one or more comprehension questions concerning the preceding video stimulus. In order to evaluate a…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, Intelligence, Psychometrics
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