The author describes development of certification standards and an integrated training package for entry-level retail employees. Evaluation methods are discussed. (CH)

Until the present, in those countries where it exists, a craft apprenticeship is a precondition for access to a profession or authorization to set up one's own business. With the spread of advanced technical training schools, technical colleges, and universities in the Member States of the European Community, a decline in the attractiveness of…

The number of school students undertaking vocational education and training (VET) in Australia's publicly funded VET sector has grown rapidly in the last 5 years. It is estimated that in 1998, at least 80,000 secondary school students were also studying within Australia's publicly funded VET sector. The vast majority (88%) of these students are…

This bulletin is the sixth in a series that provides information on a collaborative project known as MainFrame to develop youth training programs in Great Britain. It describes the assessment procedures used in the youth training programs and examines project progress toward its main objective--the development of a unit credit transfer system--and…

This report examines developments in continuing vocational training (CVT) in the framework of lifelong learning for all with a particular emphasis on quality assurance (QA). It defines CVT, quality, and QA. The state of the debate on QA in CVT is examined in the European Union countries and partner states. The issue of the "European…

This booklet explores the idea of quality and its management as it applies to providers of education in particular, but also as it applies to national standards bodies and workplaces offering on-the-job training. It explores the focus on quality in industry and education and defines quality in terms of the features of quality and their…

A study examined the computer and information technology (CIT) training provided in 61 training schemes in 10 regions throughout the United Kingdom under the auspices of the Youth Training Scheme. Of the 52 programs for which data on the time spent on CIT were available, 12 offered 5 days or less of off-the-job training with little other…

Principally concerned with printing, publishing, and paper and paper products, the Australian printing industry is segmented into two sectors: general production and specialist (concerned with a variety of processes and products.) Current arrangements for entry-level training in the industry generally consist of off-the-job training usually…

Many difficult political, administrative, and technical issues must be addressed in developing occupational standards and certification systems in middle income and developing countries. Political issues focus on the clear recognition within the country, particularly by the key stakeholders (government, unions, enterprises), of the following: the…

Ten papers are provided on the prison education service in the United Kingdom. "Developments in Prison Service Management" (Ian Benson) describes changes in the past 5 years. "Prison Libraries" (Peter Blunt) describes the background to prison libraries and provides information on the present position. Current approaches to…

These proceedings contain reports of the plenary and working group sessions of a seminar to exchange information on such topics as the social dialogue on vocational education and training (VET) at the European level and involvement of social partners in development and implementation of European Community VET policy. Each report is introduced by a…

Three major models of vocational education and training provision for the 16- to 19-year-old age group have been identified: schooling model, which emphasizes full-time schooling until age 18; dual model, which involves mainly work-based apprenticeship training with some school-based general education; and mixed model. Germany is an exemplar of…

This monograph describes development of the Finnish system of vocational education and training and discusses its future outlook. Chapter I provides background information on political and administrative structures, population, and the economy and labor force. Chapters II-III describe the education system and its development and the vocational…

The realization of the need for reform in Australia's vocational education and training (VET) system stems largely from changing economic circumstances and a changing industrial relations environment. The reforms are intended to provide the following: national coherence in training arrangements and outcomes, improved quality and more widespread…

The Institute of Technical Education (ITE) in Singapore provides skills training to school leavers through the institutional training and apprenticeship modes. The strengths of apprenticeship training are: provision of more occupational choices; greater effectiveness in meeting specific needs of industries; and opportunities for young people to…