In this paper we consider the issue of formality in learning. Both formal and informal learning appear to be well-defined in educational discourse, in contrast with non-formal learning which is less clearly articulated. This lack of clarity around non-formal learning has consequences for its recognition by teachers and learners. To contribute to…

Recent developments in technology have introduced new tools, such as virtual reality, into the learning process. Although virtual reality appears to be a promising technology for education and has been adopted by a few schools worldwide, we still do not know students' and educators' opinions, preferences, and challenges with it, particularly in…

The research aims to investigate the influence of integrating innovative teaching technologies on the effectiveness of the educational process and student motivation. This article employed a quantitative research design utilizing a questionnaire. The total number of participants in the study was 150 students. Participants were divided into…

The present study scrutinized Iranian EFL learners' mode of learning (distance vs. conventional) as a probable source of bias in employing cognitive and metacognitive reading comprehension strategies. To this end, a total of 514 Iranian distance and conventional EFL learners were asked to take a 30-item multiple-choice reading comprehension test…

This study attempted to develop a literature-informed discourse-based instructional approach and evaluated its effects on eleventh-grade students' conceptual and procedural understandings in probability and statistics. To this end, a quasi-experimental study that involved two control groups and one experimental group was used. One-way analysis of…

Flipped learning has emerged as a method that can facilitate practical learning supported by technology. This study analyzes the impact of the flipped approach on students' learning of prevention guidelines and socio-health regulations related to the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 585 Spanish secondary education students participated, and three…

e-Learning has been widely used in educational settings especially in developing countries like Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to investigate e-learning readiness among Indonesian university students and to compare students' perceptions of their workload (including mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, performance, effort,…

Abundant research has tried to understand how games can be designed and used effectively to improve the learning process and to examine the correlations between digital learning games and student motivation, engagement, and knowledge retention. The current study examined the correlation between learning through digital game-based learning (DGBL)…

The rapid rise of information technology has popularized learning diagnostic systems in education, particularly in college English teaching. These systems boost teaching quality and enable precise instruction. This study delves into precision teaching in college English with two English major classes. Teaching experiments used data from the system…

The application of blended learning in higher education has practically increased through the years, this is however aimed to develop the students rare 21st century skills. Furthermore, the present study investigates the differences in learning process across one semester, and the research design comprised of quasi experimental method without…

In the School of Architecture at the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, we are continuously reflecting on the teaching-learning process in order to offer the best education. The COVID-19 pandemic brings different changes in social, health, work and educative practices, which people have had to adapt to. These new conditions have shifted…

Geometry is one of the basic skills to be mastered in Malaysian mathematics education. However, there is not much information on geometry attainment of the elementary school students based on van Hiele's levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the van Hiele's levels of geometric thinking among the elementary school learners. Three…

Open learning model as well as conventional learning model is a learning model that is able to enable students in acquiring knowledge and learning experiences. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of learning result between students taught by using model of open matter problem and conventional learning model on the subject of…

Purpose: This paper intended to explore the knowledge and use of the digital verbs and tools by the students and teachers for conceptual understanding in the virtual and conventional learning environment. The study also explored the use of such digital tools for lower- and higher-order thinking. Design/methodology/approach: A survey research…

Learning Indonesian in elementary schools can help students get to know themselves, their culture and other cultures, express ideas, participate in society, and discover and use the analytical and imaginative abilities that are present in them. In the implementation of Indonesian language learning there are many gaps, so it is less able to achieve…