The foundation of how students usually learn is laid early in their academic lives. However, many or even most students do not primarily rely on those learning strategies that are most favorable from a scientific point of view. To change students' learning behavior when they start their university education, we developed a computer-based adaptive…

Despite much research on Chinese children's learning achievement, little research exists on their early development of beliefs about learning. This study examined the perceptions of purposes for and affective and value expression toward learning among 129 Chinese preschoolers aged 3-6 years. To tap culturally valid perspectives, free narratives…

Discusses the Chinese attitude toward child development and socialization. Offers general comments concerning child rearing. Examines the Chinese emphasis upon performance in the arts. Notes that the Chinese classroom is oriented toward tradition and hierarchy. Compares the differing U.S. and Chinese approaches to basic skills and creativity. (KO)

Maintains that considerable evidence suggests that educators can successfully use knowledge of cognitive development to guide college instruction. Discusses thinking processes as either primarily incidental or deliberate. Contends that separate thinking based on these principles leads to improved critical thinking skills. (CFR)

Focusing primarily on student cognitive processes, this second yearbook of the Finnish Association of Mathematics and Science Education Research contains five articles and a thesis summary on mathematics teaching and learning. Areas of investigation include: (1) learning styles and strategies; (2) processes and strategies in solving elementary…