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Peer reviewedJimenez, Juan E.; Siegel, Linda S.; Lopez, Mercedes Rodrigo – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2003
A study examined the role of intelligence in the definition of reading disabilities in languages with different orthographic systems. The study included 94 Spanish children and 157 English-speaking Canadian children and found significant differences between the languages when reading performances was analyzed as a function of verbal IQ scores.…
Descriptors: Cultural Differences, Elementary Education, Foreign Countries, Intelligence Quotient
Download full textFroese, Victor – 1990
A study investigated the encoding and decoding effects in English as a Second Language (ESL) and native English speaking (L1) students in Vancouver, British Columbia (Canada), by isolating the difficulties due to encoding and decoding in these students. The study examined specifically whether there are significant decoding effects based on…
Descriptors: Decoding (Reading), Educational Research, Elementary Education, Encoding (Psychology)
