Four experiments and an analysis of pooled data from English and Japanese children show a linear increase in understanding false beliefs with number of older siblings; no such effect for children younger than 38 months; no helpful effect of younger siblings at any age; no effect of siblings' gender; and no helpful effect of siblings on a source…

The primary objective of this research was to provide fundamental information about the relationship between social milieu, preschool experience, and children's ability to perform logical thinking tasks, and also about the implications of these factors for educational programs pertaining to the development of preschool teachers and administrators.…

Investigates whether the critical period for cognitive transition from concrete operations to formal operations at 12-14 years of age actually exists. Uses the Cognitive Acceleration through Science Education (CASE) intervention program in Malawi. Discusses the existence of the critical period, academic achievement, and explanations for age and…

Explored young children's motivation for gender-stereotypical preferences, examining cognitive development and understanding theory. Data from research on children in their first year of school and children transitioning into school found an association between gender-stereotypical behavior and attainment of gender constancy, suggesting that…

Observes the progressive change in the cognitive development of students (n=141) over the course of their secondary education in an Australian private school. Analyzes data to investigate children's cognitive development across years 8, 10, and 12. Examines the influence of the Cognitive Acceleration through Science Education (CASE) Thinking…

Measured the effect of schooling on cognitive skills by comparing the performance of 230, 6-13-year-old Hausa school children on a variety of cognitive tasks to that of 175 like-aged Hausa children who did not attend school. (Author/SDH)

To examine the development of sex-role stereotyping in Malaysia, 80 children were tested with the Sex Stereotype Measurement II. Results revealed that stereotyping increases with age, that the male stereotype is more easily recognized than the female, and that boys are more familiar with the male stereotype than are girls. (KH)

In 2 studies, subjects between 7 and 16 years of age indicated predictions for the water level in a tilted container or the position of a plumb line. Found that sex differences were evident at all ages; task performance improved with age according to a discrete stage process; and task performance was determined by field effects and rule strategy.…

Looks at relationships between cognitive skills and cognitive style in Anglophone Canadian students. Finds that they are statistically independent, that there is a statistically significant relationship between sex and performance in some subjects, and that there is a statistically significant relationship between skill, style, and subject in…

Age and sex effects in multiple dimensions of self-concept were examined in responses by 3,562 preadolescent students (grades 2 to 6) to the Self Description Questionnaire (SDQ). A factor analysis of responses clearly identified the seven facets of self-concept which the SDQ is designed to measure: physical ability, physical appearance, peer…

There is a need to conduct more Piagetian research in the West Indies in order to develop a basis for a culturally appropriate curriculum. This article analyzes the performance of students in Trinidad and Tobago on Piagetian tasks. The majority of these children did not conform to Piaget's classification of stages. (VM)

The Situation Scale for Adolescents, an extended version of the Imaginary Audience Scale, was administered to several hundred youngsters in the seventh, ninth, and twelfth grades. The scale, assessing self-consciousness in two types of social situations, proved to be reliable, but yielded confused results regarding age and sex differences.…

Studies were made of (1) young children's use of body-weight type for processing information about peers, and (2) the development of children's stereotypical knowledge about characteristics associated with body-weight type. For the first study, a measure was developed to assess "body salience," or the degree to which children use weight…

Examined effects of presentation of a peer-in-need stimulus to preschool children in real versus hypothetical contexts, with results indicating a significantly higher incidence of helping behavior in real situations. Nature of helping response as a preoperational reaction to concrete contextual cues is verified. (Author/DST)

Longitudinal data from a study of child development in Guatemala City were used to describe the influence of socioeconomic status and sex on physical and cognitive growth status. The correlation between growth status variables was also analyzed. (Author/RH)