Used data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey to describe gender differences in rates of tobacco use among youth worldwide. Results found little difference between the genders in cigarette smoking or use of other tobacco products. There was a high use of other tobacco products compared to cigarette smoking. Findings suggest that programs should…

Examined essays written by youths age 14-20 in Botswana, a country that significantly discriminates against women, about how life would change if they woke up one day as the opposite sex. Overall, 40 percent of respondents had mixed emotions about waking up as the other sex. Both sexes were painfully aware of the overwhelming disadvantage of being…

More than a decade after the provocative writings of French feminist writers Julie Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Helene Cixous, and Monique Wittig first appeared, the exploration of sexual and gender differences continues to draw controversy. Their work has been considered mostly in regard to literature, philosophy, and feminist theory, but their…

Although females make up approximately 19% of college graduates receiving B.S. degrees in engineering, they account for less than 3% of the engineering faculty positions in North America. Identifies factors that have led to the success of these women faculty and makes recommendations for better integrating women into all engineering disciplines.…

The purpose of this study was to analyze the errors made by high school students in practical biology and the extent to which boys and girls differ in terms of the frequency of errors committed. The subjects included 317 students from the twelfth grade sampled from five different schools in Nigeria. A criterion level of 0.05 was set to test the…

This volume publishes the results of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) European Centre for Higher Education (CEPES) project, Good Practice in Promoting Gender Inequality in Higher Education in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Countries. These case studies offer hope for a future in which…

Describes two studies at the University of Helsinki (Finland) that explored the existence of gender differences in spontaneous study strategies use while learning from texts. Discusses results that showed no differences in text comprehension, and concludes that different study strategies more than gender issues differentiated the learning…

Examines discourses that interweave women's position in education today, theorizing education as a nexus of created paradoxical spaces, where the female self attempts to surpass closed boundaries, questioning the dichotomy of the feminized private and/or masculine public. Considers the importance of time restrictions upon women's lives. Discusses…

Describes a study of Australian students in grades seven, nine, and 11 that used the Computer Anxiety Index (CAIN), to test its unidimensionality and avoid the conceptual confusion of multi-dimensionality. Discusses the use of Rasch analysis, and analyzes differences in grade levels and gender. (Contains 51 references.) (Author/LRW)

Investigated how gender of the aggressor, target, and observer would influence perception and evaluation of aggression. New Zealand college students read vignettes describing aggressive acts. Overall, they rated women's aggression as more acceptable than men's aggression. Men considered aggression more acceptable, because they considered the act…

A study of 644 Lebanese students (grades 6-12) investigated computer attitudes (including the effect of gender and home ownership of computers) using the Bath County Computer Attitudes Scale. Reports on the reliability and factor analysis of the scale and compares findings with studies conducted in other countries using the same scale. (PEN)

Examines cross-culturally the assertion that women have a special relationship with the environment and are more motivated than men to work for environmental sustainability. Explores the discourse on ecofeminism and evaluates alternative explanations of gender differences in environmental awareness. (CMK)

Examined gender differences in educational achievements based on a longitudinal sample of 45,000+ Hong Kong secondary school students who took a public examination in 1997. Reports results coincided with findings from recent British studies that boys did less well than girls in all areas of school curriculum. (BT)

Explores the level of availability of computers, Internet accessibility, and the rate of usage of computers both at home and at the workplace between distance education learners according to gender. Results of questionnaires completed at the Universiti Sains Malaysia indicate that distance education reduces the gender gap. (Author/LRW)

Gender emerged as a discrete topic in "Educational Management & Administration" only after 1980; the first major call for serious treatment occurred in 1988. An understanding of gender's effects on school, college, and home life is crucial. Making gender figure rather than ground in school leadership studies contributes to a more…