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The Reactivity of Think-Alouds in Writing Research: Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence from Writing in English as a Foreign Language
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Yang, Chengsong; Zhang, Lawrence Jun; Parr, Judy M. – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2020
The reactivity of think-alouds (TAs) (i.e., their effects on thinking) has remained an inevitable concern whenever their use is considered or evaluated. This paper reports findings from a study that involved 85 Chinese sophomores, who, having received some instruction in diction, and then written a narrative in English as a baseline task,…
Descriptors: Protocol Analysis, Writing Research, English (Second Language), Writing (Composition)
The Veridicality of Think-Aloud Protocols and the Complementary Roles of Retrospective Verbal Reports: A Study from EFL Writing
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Yang, Chengsong – Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 2019
This paper reports on a qualitative study that explored the veridicality (i.e., the completeness and accuracy) of think-aloud protocols (TAPs) in English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) writing and illustrates how retrospective verbal reports (RVRs) compensated for TAPs in understanding online revision. Forty-three Chinese sophomores, upon writing…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Undergraduate Students
Keystroke Logging in Writing Research: Using Inputlog to Analyze and Visualize Writing Processes
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Leijten, Marielle; Van Waes, Luuk – Written Communication, 2013
Keystroke logging has become instrumental in identifying writing strategies and understanding cognitive processes. Recent technological advances have refined logging efficiency and analytical outputs. While keystroke logging allows for ecological data collection, it is often difficult to connect the fine grain of logging data to the underlying…
Descriptors: Writing Processes, Cognitive Processes, Writing Strategies, Data Collection
On the Temporal Nature of Planning in L1 and L2 Composing
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Manchon, Rosa M.; de Larios, Julio Roca – Language Learning, 2007
In this article we report on a study in which verbal protocol data were used to explore English as a foreign language writers' planning behavior while engaged in academic writing tasks. The analysis was approached from a temporal perspective (i.e., time spent on planning operations) in relation to three independent variables: (a) the participants'…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Second Languages, Time Perspective, English (Second Language)
Written and Oral Production of Non-Narrative Information in Greek Elementary School Students.
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Dimakos, Ioannis C.; Porpodas, Constantine D. – 1993
The production of non-narrative information (descriptive versus expository) across written and oral modes was examined for second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade Greek elementary school students. Written and oral protocols were taken from a total of 240 students at each of 3 grades and evaluated according to: (1) the size of the text produced, measured…
Descriptors: Communication Research, Descriptive Writing, Elementary Education, Expository Writing
Effects of Peer Evaluation on Writing Performance, Writing Processes, and Psychological Variables.
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Rijlaarsdam, G. – 1987
To evaluate composition programs based on peer feedback, a study compared the improvement in written composition skills of two sets of eighth grade students in 11 classes at eight Dutch schools. The control group was enrolled in teacher feedback programs, the experimental group was enrolled in peer feedback programs. Students wrote a discursive…
Descriptors: Expository Writing, Foreign Countries, Peer Evaluation, Program Evaluation