This article points out the difficulty of finding computer assisted language learning (CALL) software that is both appropriate for teachers' pedagogical needs and user friendly. Authoring programs offer simplicity but little flexibility. Innovative software requires the use of authentic programming languages or more sophisticated software. The…

The design and development of GRACILE, a collaborative learning environment in the domain of Japanese language patterns and expressions, is described. The environment is designed to allow learning goals communication, learning activities negotiation, and collaboration between learners. From a group of student models, a potential development level…

Multimedia communication requires several things. First, it requires that people have a reason to communicate in multimedia. Applications in education, health, entertainment, and business services are emerging, but exactly what will appeal most to the markets is still unclear. This volume of 63 papers focuses on some of these applications and…

This paper examines how values education is taught in Chinese and American elementary schools and what values are advocated in Chinese and American elementary textbooks. Differences in attitude, content, method, and outcome are analyzed in the context of social and cultural backgrounds. It is concluded that American textbooks tend to emphasize…

This report, prepared by the Office of Technological Assessment (OTA) in response to a request from the House Committee on the Judiciary, examines the rapid and complex technological changes and trends in computer software technologies and their possible effects on the nation's intellectual property system. The three policy issues identified are:…

Researchers of computer ability have been largely influenced by the Galtonian perspective of intelligence assessment: a predominantly linear, construct-driven model based on identifying statistically determined factors. The use of this methodology, though, has far more to do with utility than theoretical rigor. Notably absent from this kind of…

This document reports a study of the processes involved in providing information services on curriculum resources to educational communities. In the first part, the development of the system for exchanging information within the Australian educational community is described, and the purpose, method, and results of a survey of American, Canadian,…

Whether gender differences in performance using computer software are due to sex stereotyping or gender differentiation in the programs was investigated in two studies. An adventure game, "King and Crown," with all male characters, and a gender neutral game, "Honeybears," were played by 26 female and 26 male 11- and…

Research that has been conducted relating to the use of graphics and how various design variables interact with graphics in influencing the process of learning within individuals is explored. Research directions and approaches that may provide enhanced guidelines for integrating graphics into future interactive learning environments are described.…

This guide for using computers in the whole language classroom provides teachers with practical ideas for the use of computers to promote group interaction and cooperative learning, including: (1) software webs to assist theme development; (2) pre-computer activities to motivate students; (3) computer activities to develop software competence; (4)…

This paper describes a training program which was designed to train teachers how to use computer applications such as database management systems and spreadsheets in their classrooms; how to modify applications according to their teaching practices; and how to learn from their experiences in using computer applications in the classroom. A group of…

When considering the use of computers in their lessons, two questions are important for teachers: how to select courseware and how the role and practice of the teacher may change by using computers. To answer the first question, a courseware-selection checklist was developed and its use by teachers was investigated. The checklist serves the…

The five papers in this collection discuss various aspects of the Electronic Learning-Package Factory (ELF) project at the University of Bradford in England. In the first paper, "Adoption of CAL in Higher Education: A Cooperative Approach to Research, Development and Implementation," Philip Barker considers the opportunities for…

This report of a seminar on information technology (IT) and language development begins by presenting background on language skills and information technology in order to define the scope of the topic. The report then pulls together and elaborates on the output of the seminar. The first section discusses media-centered issues, including the design…

Successful strategies for implementing and operating the Further Education Management Information System (FEMIS) at colleges of further education in the United Kingdom are discussed, along with the development of associated microcomputer-based decision support systems. FEMIS has been targeted at the smaller institutions that do not generally have…