The purpose of this article is to explore why work-experienced students with up to 20 years of experience may not change their perception of professional practice when subsequently participating in practice-based learning programmes in higher education. We investigated the role of the degree of codification as operationalisation in how students…

This paper documents the evolution of attempts to codify and standardise teachers' work in England with particular attention to how this phenomenon has impacted the Initial Teacher Education (ITE) sector. In recent decades the teaching profession in England has undergone various iterations of competency criteria, culminating with the current…

Ever since the first ethnographic studies, the question about how people learn in different contexts was an essential element of research. Studies in anthropology of education have increasingly focused on schooling. Nowadays, however, the traditional topic of learning in out-of-school contexts recovers its relevance because the development of…

The prevailing tendency in applied drama and theatre research and practice in African contexts has been for both critics and practitioners to apply the Freirian educational paradigm of "codification" and "decodification" in the interpretation of their work. Guarav Desai asserts that most of the theoretical premises of applied…

The focus of this dissertation is the highly specialized and stylized liturgical language of Russian Church Slavonic (RCS). Historically, RCS has been strictly controlled by authorities and has conformed to established norms, but innovations have nevertheless arisen in response to various conditions. One major wave of innovations was a long,…

Nearly all organizations are faced with problems of classifying and coding financial data, management and technical information, components, stores, etc. and need to apply some logical and meaningful system of identification. This report examines the objectives and applications of classification and coding systems and reviews eight systems…

The task of social scientists is to find ways of investigating and understanding the social, political and economic world1

The current educational debate in Quebec results not only from language, religious, and political differences between English- and French-speaking Quebeckers but also from cultural differences between the Gallic tradition of rationalism, codifed law, and centralism and the Anglo-Saxon tradition of empiricism, common law, and localism. (SB)

The purposes of this study were to collect and analyze manpower and production data from 19 countries and to test the relationship between the occupational composition of an industry and the production of that industry. Volume I presents the research methodology, explains the correlations which were used, describes the data and its collection…

Sections of the Criminal Code of Canada and related federal legislation are highlighted. Ethical and legal requirements affecting the counseling process, the counselor himself and the client are stressed. The counselor is provided with a factual basis for helping clients and for protecting himself from personal involvement. (EV)

Teacher training is now a requirement for new staff in the further education sector in England. The Sector Skills Council, LifeLong Learning UK, sets national standards for training that include Reflective Practice as an underpinning value and Learning Theory as part of training programmes. There is, however, no statement of what is meant by…

Our narrative focuses on the middle passage of the slave trade in the West Indies. Herein we describe why more men, women, and children were imported in the West Indies than other islands. Specifically, our aim was to address how slaves in the middle passage of the triangular slave trade were treated, how they sustained themselves, and how they…

This booklet, which has been designed for a diverse audience, including work team members, supervisors/managers, trade union members, employers, trainers, teachers/lecturers, human resource managers, and students/trainees, presents basic information about the purpose, content, and quality of competency standards for vocational education within the…

This paper provides a study of the evolution of the accounting system in the country of Columbia, South America, in light of the conflict between cultural values, other environmental factors, and the financial information generated. The paper begins with an overview of Colombia's political history as well as its economic and social changes during…

A description is presented of types of information and codes pertaining to graduation statistics of the University Student Information System (USIS), a data base that provides a Canada-wide system of university enrollment statistics. The information for this system is collected on an individual student basis. In 1974 the USIS enrollment statistics…