Using the 1980 Iranian hostage crisis as an example, this article provides practical guidelines on how to handle terrorism in the upper elementary classroom. Includes a flow chart showing fourth graders' analysis of the hostage crisis. Concludes that such teaching promotes the conceptual and thinking skills needed in the social studies curriculum.…

This article presents historical background, original source material, and teacher directions for examining the United States' first experiences with terrorism--the tributes for peaceful passage, ransom for hostages, and eventual armed conflict with the pirates of the "Barbary Coast" of north Africa between 1783 and 1812. (JDH)

Maintains that the answer to terrorism lies not in higher fences, laser weapons, or expanded commando forces, but in improved understanding of the linkages between U.S. foreign policy and anti-American terrorism. Reviews geopolitical developments, including international law, and concludes that U.S. safety from terrorism will depend upon our…

Examines the policies of presidents Ford, Carter, and Reagan regarding intervention in foreign affairs. States that their policies were formed as a response to the Vietnam War and that they were not especially successful. Illustrates the difficulties involved in maintaining a consistent intervention policy that will satisfy domestic and foreign…

Evaluates U.S. intervention in neighboring countries, classifying actions according to an eightfold taxonomy: acquisition of continental territory, acquisition of overseas territory, establishment of protectorates, acquisition of transit rights to the Pacific, establishment of custom receiverships, protection of U.S. citizens and property,…

States that, in foreign policy and intervention discussions, students often lack adequate background information and need help linking new information with old in a meaningful fashion. Examines how teachers can help students clarify the figurative language and concepts abundant in foreign policy issues to increase understanding and enrich…

Appraises the legality, under international law, of the U.S. intervention in Nicaragua. Describes the concepts of intervention, international resolutions, and declarations on the subject. Points out that international law is violated by many nations. Concludes that U.S. intervention in Nicaragua is impermissible under international law and unwise…

Examines the general concept of intervention and analyzes specific types of U.S. intervention from a geopolitical perspective. Considers the variables relating to the geography of intervention such as land mass, terrain, population, level of development, political stability, cultural heritage, sphere of influence, expansion, and acquisition of…

Through the literary device of a dialogue, this article urges teachers to address the root causes of international and state terrorism, which it identifies as the quest for political power. Condemns the shallow analysis of both major and minor wars offered in typical textbooks and high school social studies classes. (JDH)

States that social studies education must develop reflective, competent, concerned citizens by immersing students in relevant topics to enhance interest and encourage learning. Presents a concept matrices model designed to assist students' in study of interventionism, resulting in citizenry who can understand and responsibly judge policy…

Defends the right of nations to criticize human rights violations within other nations. Pointing out that the human rights protections cannot be left to domestic jurisdiction, Goldberg cites numerous treaties and declarations which make human rights protection a matter of international law. (GEA)

Examines the nationalistic bias in the domestic public concept of U.S. foreign policy, and the educational neglect of the critical study of issues. States that critical education in which foreign policy issues are carefully analyzed is the end toward which schools should be striving. (GEA)

States that foreign policy and intervention studies are appropriate means for helping students develop citizen competencies. Presents an integrated problems approach to teaching about foreign policy and intervention which assists teachers in organizing difficult topics and allows them to educate citizens for a global age. (GEA)

Evaluates the "Iron Curtain" speech made by Winston Churchill in 1946, discussing its relevance and implications for the present. Examines Churchill's predictions for the future and his assessment of the USSR. Reviews world developments since the speech and proposes foreign policy goals for the next 40 years. (GEA)

Identifies threat, economic, and integrative powers as components of national power, and examines the use of such powers by the United States and other nations. States that threat power is costly, while crippling those who use it. Advises nations to concentrate on economic and integrative powers, avoiding intervention and related actions. (GEA)