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The Effect of Cohesive Features in Integrated and Independent L2 Writing Quality and Text Classification

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Tywoniw, Rurik; Crossley, Scott – Language Education & Assessment, 2019

Cohesion features were calculated for a corpus of 960 essays by 480 test-takers from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) in order to examine differences in the use of cohesion devices between integrated (source-based) writing and independent writing samples. Cohesion indices were measured using an automated textual analysis tool, the…

Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Connected Discourse

The Longitudinal Development of Grammatical Complexity at the Phrasal and Clausal Levels in Spoken and Written Responses to the "TOEFL iBT"® Test. Research Report. ETS RR-19-45

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Gray, Bethany; Geluso, Joe; Nguyen, Phuong – ETS Research Report Series, 2019

In the present study, we take a longitudinal, corpus-based perspective to investigate short-term (over 9 months) linguistic change in the language produced for the spoken and written sections of the "TOEFL iBT"® test by a group of English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) learners in China. The goal of the study is to identify patterns that…

Descriptors: Grammar, Computer Assisted Testing, Phrase Structure, Language Proficiency