This paper examines the meaning and functions of the directional suffixes (adverbial expressions of direction) in Kusaiean and Ponapean. It is shown that the directional suffixes have two semantic features of direction and terminus. Depending on the different contexts in which they are used, sometimes only one semantic feature is employed and…

Examines single centered, multicentered, and noncentered phrases in a tagmemic framework. (MSE)

Discusses "end-weight," long, complex phrases that tend to come at the end of clauses. Corpus data on heavy noun phrase shift, the dative alternation, and particle movement indicate that there are several structural measures of weight highly correlated with constituent ordering. (38 references) (Author/CK)

A description of the creole language spoken in the Roper River area of Australia's Northern Territory, this paper is intended for the practical use of Europeans working in the area. An introductory section discusses the role and status of pidgins and creoles in modern Australia, the development of creole in the Roper River area, and the…

Fieldwork with a Hydaburg resident yielded this descriptive paper, which focuses on Haida syntax, and especially predication. The verbal word in Haida is of three distinct types--active, stative, and neutral--the first two of which may occur in either SOV or OSV word order. Neutral verbal words are relatively rare and take active pronouns plus a…

A discussion of the sources of certain language universals argues that adjective/noun constructions pattern similarly to genitive/noun and relative-noun constructions because they are typical diachronic sources for adjectivals, and that relatives and genitives have the same diachronic source and thus the same set of synchronic behavior. It is also…

Syntactic differences between languages are the focus of attention in this approach to contrastive study of grammatical categories. The categories of the first language are listed in a "translation-paradigm" opposite the possible categories of the target language after translation of the corpus. Three examples which contrast the clause, verbal…

THIS BRIEF OUTLINE OF HINDI PHONOLOGY AND GRAMMAR IS INTENDED FOR FIRST AND SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF HINDI WHO HAVE SOME PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE OF THE ORAL AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE BUT WHO MAY HAVE HAD NO PREVIOUS TRAINING IN LINGUISTIC TERMINOLOGY. THE AUTHORS HAVE THEREFORE EMPHASIZED SIMPLICITY AND READABILITY RATHER THAN EXHAUSTIVENESS OR ORIGINALITY…

THIS MANUAL PRESENTS A COMPREHENSIVE GRAMMAR OF TATAR, ONE OF THE TURKIC LANGUAGES BELONGING TO THE NORTH-WESTERN (KIPCHAK) BRANCH. IT IS SPOKEN BY NEARLY FIVE MILLION PEOPLE IN THE AUTONOMOUS TATAR SOVIET REPUBLIC OF THE USSR. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE LANGUAGE AND ITS MAIN DIALECTS IS GIVEN IN THE INTRODUCTION, WHICH ALSO INCLUDES A SELECTED…

In the past, linguistic descriptions of the relationships common to passive sentences have not been universally applicable. Junction grammar, a type of generative grammar, is a model that may provide a means of describing universal passive relationships. Junction grammar differs from transformational grammar in that its rules (1) claim other…

This paper presents a study of Yanyula nouns and noun modifiers. Yanyula is the language spoken in parts of the Northern Territory and Queensland in Australia. In relation to noun modifiers, the paper discusses adjectives and numerals, demonstrative and possessive pronouns, prefix allomorphs, and noun modifier occurrence in noun phrases. Regarding…