Teaching observation protocols serve purposes beyond research, such as providing formative feedback for teachers' growth in their practice. Such observation tool usage requires different approaches for validation. For this reason, we developed the formative teaching evaluation framework adapted from the student-assessment literature. We used this…

Classroom observation rubrics are a widely adopted tool for measuring the quality of teaching and provide stable conceptualisations of teaching quality that facilitate empirical research. Here, we present four statistical approaches for analysing data from classroom observations: Factor analysis, Rasch modelling, latent class or profile analysis,…

There is a growing need for valid and reliable measures to monitor the efficacy of undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) reform initiatives. The Classroom Observation Protocol for Undergraduate STEM (COPUS) is a widely used tool originally designed to measure the presence of overt instructor and student behaviors.…

This paper reports on a multiple case study classroom observation investigating the types and qualities of teachers' AfL strategies among three English teachers across three distinct types of secondary schools in Indonesia. The study found that while teachers are integrating several AfL strategies, the quality issues persist. The study highlights…

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many instructors were forced to adjust from in-person to emergency remote teaching; however, classroom observation protocols, like the Classroom Observation Protocol for Undergraduate STEM (COPUS), have only been developed and validated for in-person instruction. Therefore, we developed and validated an…

Formative assessment is a classroom practice that has received much attention in recent years for its established potential at increasing student learning. A frequent analytic approach for determining the quality of formative assessment practices is to develop a coding scheme and determine frequencies with which the codes are observed; however,…

Special educators are required to collect data on student progress and use it as formative data to inform instructional decisions. Being told to collect student data without being shown how to effectively and efficiently collect it, may cause teachers to become overwhelmed. This article provides three easy-to-use templates to facilitate quick data…

This article describes the evaluation of purpose-built course websites for university-level teaching and learning developed by a funded project (e3Learning, e3L) in Hong Kong, which was designed to support teachers in three universities to supplement classroom teaching with eLearning. Previous articles on the e3L project have described the…

Shows how observation of a second-language classroom activity can be used to assess student, teacher, and materials performance. The classroom activity involves the key skills taught in the course and mirrors the overall methodological approach of the course. (Author/CB)

"Classroom Assessment in Action" clarifies the multi-faceted roles of measurement and assessment and their applications in a classroom setting. Comprehensive in scope, Shermis and Di Vesta explain basic measurement concepts and show students how to interpret the results of standardized tests. From these basic concepts, the authors then…

Teachers may be evaluated (1) according to their skills and attitudes, (2) by observing their behavior, (3) observing the students' behavior and achievement, and (4) by a combination of means. Some systems, summative and formative, now enjoying rather wide popularity are described in this document. IOTA (Instrument for Observation of Teaching…

The formative evaluation of an experimental French class is described; several common evaluative techniques and their specific findings for this class are discussed; and the use of the formative approach for evaluation of innovative second language instruction is supported. (MSE)

Article is a description of an evaluation conducted by the center for New Schools for an innovative program in the Cleveland Heights, Ohio schools. The rationale for the use of ethnographic methods and problems that arose from the CNS experiences are discussed. (RW)

This book proposes treating teacher evaluation as a set of processes aimed primarily at helping teachers develop professionally. The book opens with a review of current practices and problems in evaluation, then outlines basic theoretical concepts and describes some operational models. The Developmental Teacher Evaluation Kit (DeTEK) is introduced…

This paper dealt with the use of classroom observation data for formative evaluation purposes, and with a research project in which scores based on observed performance of teachers in secondary school algebra and English classes were compared with efficiency scores based on an input-output model. The model, using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)…