The purpose of this study is to analyze pre-service elementary teachers' problems in terms of the different meanings of the addition of fractions and to determine the types of errors made in these problems. Data were collected from 83 pre-service elementary teachers in the spring semester of the 2016-2017 academic year by means of a problem posing…

The document presents a criterion referenced test of basic math skills, including division, multiplication, addition, subtraction, fractions, decimals, time, and measurement. (DLS)

The early use of the distributive law can aid students in learning addition of fractions and provide rapid approaches to computation involving other operations. (SD)

This paper describes the Rational Number Project (RNP), teaching experiments concerned with the teaching and learning of fractions among 4th and 5th grade students. Interviews with 4th grade students who used the RNP curriculum and with students who used a traditional curriculum were conducted by RNP staff as well as classroom teachers. This paper…

Magic squares are used to generate number games similar to tic-tac-toe. Skills that are reinforced include addition of negative numbers and addition and multiplication of fractions. (MP)

A teaching sequence provides a guide to instruction on initial concepts of fractions, equivalent fractions, and addition with fractions. (MN)

Use of low-stress algorithms to reduce the cognitive load on students is advocated. The low-stress algorithm for addition developed by Hutchings is detailed first. Then a variation on the usual algorithm is proposed: adding from left to right, writing the partial sum for each stage. Next, a "quick addition" method for adding fractions proposed by…

Findings from a study with first-grade children on addition and subtraction help make a case for a conceptual rather than a mechanized approach to the operations. How base ten blocks were used in the program is illustrated. (MNS)

The objective of the Easy Math Program is to give all students (not just those with mathematical talent) an intuitive grasp of the quantitative principles on which mathematics is based, so they will be able to execute its basic operations with insight, and move on to its higher concepts with confidence. The program approaches this objective by a…

An understanding of fraction addition can be thought to involve two quantitative ideas: (1) the understanding that adding to an original quantity increases its size, and (2) a sense of how much increase occurs. Both of these ideas should underlie or inform a child's approach to problems involving fraction addition and thereby constrain the class…

This guide contains six sections which offer suggested sequential steps for teaching addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, fraction concepts and algorithms, and decimal fractions. Based on the manipulative approach, the guide offers activities and teaching methods which give students many opportunities to work with models. This approach…

Learning the techniques of critical thinking and problem solving can be easy for children when presented problems involving fun topics. Problem sets which range from easy to hard written by elementary school students and educational consultants are included. Topics include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and fractions. Each topic…

Presents five activities focusing on mental computation and estimation for the K-3, 3-5, 4-6, and 6-8 grade levels that require the student, acting as a judge, to review solutions to problems and to pronounce and justify a verdict. Provides suggested materials, questions, possible extensions, answers, and worksheets for each activity. (MDH)

Presents four innovative game-oriented activities designed to reinforce computational and place value skills involving whole and rational numbers. The games ask students to use randomly chosen numerals to formulate problems involving given operations or concepts whose responses come closest to target responses. (MDH)