Social and economic transformations in Russia have had an influence on all spheres of society. The value orientations of young people have been influenced by the market economy, and this has led to a new type of adaptive behavior, in which preference is given to material value orientations, growth of individualism, pragmatism, and hedonistic…

In the broad sense of the word human capital is a specific form of capital that is embodied in people themselves. It consists of the individual's reserve of health, knowledge, skills, abilities, and motivations that enable him to increase his labor productivity and give him an income in the form of wages, salaries, and other income. The structure…

Since the early 1990s, the system of education in Mongolia has gone through radical changes that stem from the country's transition to the market economy and the democratic state structure. Favorable prerequisites were already in place to renovate education on democratic principles, because during the period of its socialist development Mongolia…

In the mid-1990s, situations in which the specialties that young people had acquired turned out not to be in demand became quite a widespread phenomenon, and the professional future of a large proportion of young people was characterized as uncertain. Surveys in that period showed that a majority of young people suffered from a deficiency of…

This article examines the social values of rural schoolteachers under the conditions of the market economy in the countryside. It presents a comparative sociopedagogical analysis of the evolution of value orientations and life attitudes of rural schoolteachers during the years of the radical social and political reforms in Russia through the…

The social changes that have taken place in the past fifteen years have had a powerful effect on the life trajectories and social expectations of people in different age groups in Russia. For the most part there are two terms that are used to identify these groups: age cohort (or age group) and generation. But the use of these terms in…

Explores the conception of the market in Russia, focusing on teachers' and students' attitudes towards the free market and their value orientations. Addresses social policy and the characteristics of Russia's transition to the market economy, both of which need to be accounted for in the course of implementing economic and social reforms. (CMK)

Examines needed changes in vocational education in former Soviet Union as the nation shifts to a market economy. Suggests that there should be more emphasis on individual student needs. Argues that vocational education must include training in information sciences, computers, foreign languages, social psychology, and urban ecology. Recommends…

Asserts that the Russian educational system is facing a crisis of confidence among its teachers and students regarding employment opportunities after leaving secondary education. Calls for educational reform in curriculum and instructional methods that can provide periodic retraining as economic changes occur. (CFR)

Presents an overview of the working and social conditions for women in contemporary Russia. Massive lay-offs in industries that have traditionally employed women (chemical, machine-building, light industry) have weakened women's position in the labor market. Sexist hiring practices exacerbate this problem. Includes statistical and tabular data on…

Analyzes the results of a study of Russian college students attitudes towards politics and citizenship. Reveals that, although the students express support and admiration for free market reforms and democracy, they are decidedly indifferent to the political process. Correlates these attitudes with students' positions in campus organizations. (MJP)

Discusses how Russian vocational-technical education should be funded and proposes four possible scenarios. Recommends a privatization procedure in which an individual or a group of employees of a vocational school would purchase the institution from the government. (CFR)

Documents the social and educational aspirations of a growing number of Russian youth. While the children of the former Soviet intelligentsia continue to view education as a prerequisite for success, many young people are willing to leave school for early work experience. Summarizes several surveys concerning social attitudes. (MJP)

Contends that education for work means more than simply a worker with a diploma; it requires a person who thinks creatively and is economically literate. Argues that students in the United States, by participating in the economy through part-time jobs, are prepared for life in a free enterprise economy. (CFR)

Reports on an interview with the director of Secondary Specialized Education in Russia. Finds concern about the lack of appropriate educational funding to support changes necessary to produce students for a market economy. Calls for more training in economics, marketing, finance, and insurance. (CFR)