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Zhang, Xiaowan; Winke, Paula; Clark, Shaunna – Language Learning, 2020
Answering calls to map college-level proficiency development (Modern Language Association, 2007) and longitudinally chart language learning (Barkaoui, 2014; Ortega & Byrnes, 2008), we mapped the oral proficiency growth of 1,922 lower-division college students of Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish (in the second, third, or fourth semester of…
Descriptors: Oral Language, Language Proficiency, College Second Language Programs, College Students
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Barik, Henri; Swain, Marrill – Language Learning, 1975
The school performance of pupils in grades K-2 of the French immersion program in operation in Ottawa public schools is evaluated in comparison with that of pupils in the regular English program. (Author/RM)
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, FLES, French