An industrial development involves the conversion of biomass, through fermentation, to useful chemical products and the gasification of municiple wastes to produce steam for electricity generation. These gases may also serve as chemical feedstocks. (Author/MA)

Discusses the serious nature of the Energy Crisis'' and the dependence of the United States economy on imported hydrocarbons. Urges immediate action to alleviate the situation by increasing domestic production of oil, substituting coal for oil, and by conservation, especially in the use of automobile fuel. (JR)

American industry in the 19th century switched from wood to coal as its primary energy resource. The history of this switch is reviewed, along with the history of preceding similar trends in Europe and later trends in the switch from coal to oil and gas. (Author/MA)

Analyzes changes in household formation and housing choices, fuel rates, per capita income, technological developments, and equipment efficiences to show that residential energy use growth could reach zero by the year 2000. (MLH)

Discusses various ways in which the demand for energy could be decreased, focusing not so much on discouraging demand by increasing prices, as on reducing energy consumption by improving efficiency of energy utilization in buildings and in industry. (JR)

Proposes that human comfort could be provided in otherwise chilly surroundings by filling the occupied space with electromagnetic energy of cm wavelength. Considerable energy savings could be realized from the resultant ability to lower interior temperatures and maintain comfort in the building. (Author/RE)

Discusses pollution problems associated with power production. Estimates power consumption in the 1980's and the availability of fossil and nuclear fuel resources. Emphasizes needed research on air pollution, nuclear pollution, and thermal pollution. (EB)

The energy required to build and install solar space- and water-heating equipment is compared to the energy saved under two solar growth paths corresponding to high and low rates of solar technology implementation. (Author/RE)

Described are the proceedings from a symposium on energy and developmentin the Americas. The article suggests that this conference could be a model for the United Nations' conference on science and technology to be held in 1979. (MDR)

The importance of applied research to the technical and political support of energy conservation programs is discussed. Past, present, and future examples of applied fuel conservation research are presented and a means of institutionalizing these research efforts into a long range program is suggested. (MDR)

Described is a study in which energy demands were analyzed and several plausable future energy scenarios were developed. The article attempts to illustrate the dynamics of energy demand and supply in the United States in order to aid future planning. (MDR)

Brazil's energy options and current outlook are examined, and a summary of known reserves of fossil and renewable energy resources is given. Suggestions for an energy program designed to preserve Brazilian culture are included. (MDR)