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Direct linkStorek, Josephine; Furnham, Adrian – Learning and Individual Differences, 2013
Over 120 participants completed three timed intelligence tests, a self-estimated Domain Masculine (DMIQ) Intelligence scale, and a mindset "beliefs about intelligence" measure (Dweck, 2012) to examine correlates of the Hubris-Humility Effect (HHE) which shows males believe they are more intelligent than females. As predicted males gave…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Gender Differences, Beliefs, Intelligence Tests
Nie, Youyan; Liem, Gregory Arief D. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2013
Underpinned by the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance motivation, the study examined the differential relations of individual-oriented and social-oriented achievement motives to approach and avoidance achievement goals (mastery-approach, performance-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-avoidance). A total of 570 Chinese high school…
Descriptors: Achievement Need, Motivation, Goal Orientation, Objectives
Schmitt-Wilson, Sarah; Welsh, Marilyn C. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2012
Few studies have identified individual differences in vocational knowledge or its association with career aspirations or expectations of children. We investigated whether individual differences in grade, gender, academic achievement, and SES predict levels of vocational knowledge, and further examined the relationship between vocational knowledge…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Occupational Aspiration, Expectation, Career Awareness
Learning outside the Laboratory: Ability and Non-Ability Influences on Acquiring Political Knowledge
Hambrick, David Z.; Meinz, Elizabeth J.; Pink, Jeffrey E.; Pettibone, Jonathan C.; Oswald, Frederick L. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
The purpose of this study was to identify sources of individual differences in knowledge acquired under natural conditions. Through its direct influence on background knowledge, crystallized intelligence (Gc) had a major impact on political knowledge, acquired over a period of more than 2 months, but there were independent influences of…
Descriptors: Predictor Variables, Individual Differences, Knowledge Level, Intelligence
Rosander, Pia; Backstrom, Martin – Learning and Individual Differences, 2012
The present study investigated the unique contribution of learning approaches to academic performance, also taking gender differences into account. The participant sample consisted of 476 school pupils (53% girls and 47% boys) from two upper secondary schools in Sweden who completed two self-reported measures related to personality and learning…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Females, Cognitive Ability, High School Students
Silvia, Paul J.; Sanders, Camilla E. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
The experience of interest is central to intrinsic motivation for learning, so it is important to understand the nature of interest and its sources. Individual differences in fluid intelligence (Gf) predict finding things more interesting, but it is possible that this effect is merely due to the overlap of Gf with openness to experience, a strong…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Learning Motivation, Individual Differences, Predictor Variables
Smith, Jeffrey K.; Smith, Lisa F.; Gilmore, Alison; Jameson, Madgerie – Learning and Individual Differences, 2012
Using data from New Zealand's National Education Monitoring Project, a light sampling, low stakes performance based national school assessment program, reading self-efficacy, reading enjoyment, and reading achievement were examined in samples of 8 and 12 year old children. Sample sizes were n = 480 for each group. While reading achievement…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Reading Ability, Teaching Methods, Self Efficacy
Ding, Haiyong; Sun, Haichun; Chen, Ang – Learning and Individual Differences, 2011
Students' different perceptions of task values influence their learning experience and achievement in physical education. Framed using the subjective task value construct, this study was conducted to determine the extent to which male and female Chinese middle schoolers with different body sizes differed in their perception of the task values. A…
Descriptors: Physical Education, Middle School Students, Program Effectiveness, Learning Experience
Aunio, Pirjo; Niemivirta, Markku – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
This longitudinal study examined how children's early numeracy assessed in kindergarten predicts their mathematical performance in the first grade, after controlling for the effects of age, gender, and parents' education. The participants were 212 Finnish children (107 girls and 105 boys). At the time of the first assessment (kindergarten), the…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Numeracy, Kindergarten, Grade 1
Furnham, Adrian; Monsen, Jeremy – Learning and Individual Differences, 2009
This study examines the extent to which personality traits and intelligence scores predict school level academic performance (AP), (British GCSE: General Certificate of Secondary Education; America Grade 10) in different disciplines. The participant sample consisted of approximately 250 school pupils from three schools in the South East of…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Intelligence Quotient, Personality, Personality Measures
Carr, Martha; Steiner, Hillary Hettinger; Kyser, Brandon; Biddlecomb, Barry – Learning and Individual Differences, 2008
Five variables (strategy use, fluency, accuracy, spatial ability and confidence) that have been linked to gender differences in mathematics were compared as predictors of mathematics competency. Two hundred and forty-one second grade students from seven schools in Northeast Georgia participated in the study. In fall of the second grade, children…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Grade 2, Multiple Regression Analysis, Gender Differences
Chamorro-Premuzic, Tomas; Ahmetoglu, Gorkan; Furnham, Adrian – Learning and Individual Differences, 2008
This study attempted a hierarchical integration of several dispositional determinants of test anxiety (TA) [Sarason, I.G. (1984). "Stress, anxiety and cognitive interference: Reactions to tests." "Journal of Personality and Social Psychology," 46, 929-938.], namely the Big Five personality traits [Costa, P.T. Jr., & McCrae,…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Individual Differences, Psychological Evaluation, Structural Equation Models
