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Direct linkMengdi Chen; Marjolein Zee; Debora L. Roorda – Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 2025
Student-teacher relationship drawings were employed to investigate how students' mental representations of student-teacher relationships were affected by their gender, age, and shyness across the Netherlands and China. The sample included 752 third- to sixth-graders (48.5% boys; M[subscript age] = 9.96) from the Netherlands and 574 third- to…
Descriptors: Teacher Student Relationship, Freehand Drawing, Student Characteristics, Gender Differences
Metin Aslan, Özge – Early Child Development and Care, 2020
This research aims to examine the predictive effect of gender, culture, and shyness on reticence and solitary play behaviour. Fifty children at two U.S. nursery schools and 55 children at a Turkish nursery school were included in the study, with a total of 105 children aged 36-72 months (61 boys, 44 girls). Parent questionnaires were used to…
Descriptors: Shyness, Play, Child Behavior, Preschool Children
Desmarais, Eric E.; French, Brian F.; Ahmetoglu, Emine; Acar, Ibrahim; Gonzalez-Salinas, Carmen; Kozlova, Elena; Slobodskaya, Helena; Benga, Oana; Majdandžic, Mirjana; Beijers, Roseriet; de Weerth, Carolina; Huitron, Blanca; Lee, Eun Gyoung; Han, Sae-Young; Park, Seong-Yeon; Giusti, Lorenzo; Montirosso, Rosario; Tuovinen, Soile; Heinonen, Kati; Raikkonen, Katri; Wang, Zhengyan; Lecannelier, Felipe; Linhares, Maria Beatriz Martins; Casalin, Sara; Putnam, Samuel P.; Gartstein, Maria A. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2021
This study advances the cross-cultural temperament literature by comparing temperament ratings of toddlers from 14 nations. Multilevel modeling (MLM) procedures were utilized to regress negative emotionality (NE) and component subscales on Hofstede's cultural value dimensions while controlling for age and gender. More individualistic values were…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Personality Traits, Comparative Analysis, Emotional Response
Fujiki, Martin; Brinton, Bonnie; Hart, Craig H.; Olsen, Joseph; Coombs, Maille – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2019
Purpose: Teacher ratings were used to compare children with developmental language disorders (DLD) and their typically developing peers on 2 subtypes of social withdrawal (shyness and unsociability). Measurement invariance analysis was utilized to determine if teachers rated the 2 groups using the same underlying construct for each of the rating…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Withdrawal (Psychology), Teacher Attitudes, Comparative Analysis
Villena Martínez, M. D.; Justicia, F. Justicia; Fernández de Haro, E. – Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2016
Introduction: Social competence in school students has been studied extensively in terms of their being socially competent or not. However, there has been little analysis of how teachers contribute to the development of these skills. This research assesses the influence of teachers' assertiveness on the social competence of their students and on…
Descriptors: Social Attitudes, Interpersonal Competence, Measurement Techniques, Teacher Attitudes
Slobodskaya, Helena R.; Kuznetsova, Valeriya B. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2013
The study examined the contribution of reinforcement sensitivity to childhood personality at three levels of the hierarchical structure, mid-level traits, the Big Five and two higher-order factors, and the moderating role of sex and age in a sample of 3-18-year-olds. The canonical correlation analyses indicated that reinforcement sensitivity and…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Personality, Child Development, Personality Traits
Flynn, Emma; Whiten, Andrew – Child Development, 2012
In one of the first open diffusion experiments with young children, a tool-use task that afforded multiple methods to extract an enclosed reward and a child model habitually using one of these methods were introduced into different playgroups. Eighty-eight children, ranging in age from 2 years 8 months to 4 years 5 months, participated. Measures…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Socialization, Young Children, Verbal Ability
Eggum, Natalie D.; Eisenberg, Nancy; Spinrad, Tracy L.; Reiser, Mark; Gaertner, Bridget M.; Sallquist, Julie; Smith, Cynthia L. – Infancy, 2009
The relations of childhood fearfulness (observed and adult reported) and adult-reported shyness at 18 (n = 256) and 30 (n = 230) months of age were assessed. Fear was positively related to shyness concurrently and longitudinally, but slightly more consistently at 18 months. The moderating roles of observed maternal sensitivity and children's sex…
Descriptors: Shyness, Mothers, Daughters, Affective Behavior
Xu, Yiyuan; Farver, Jo Ann M. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2009
This paper reports on two exploratory studies of situations that elicit shyness in Mainland Chinese children. In Study 1 (N = 100; M[subscript age] = 10.42) interviews with Chinese children identified three kinds of shyness-eliciting situations: social novelty; negative social evaluation; and public attention. In Study 2 (N = 162, M[subscript age]…
Descriptors: Shyness, Asian Culture, Children, Psychological Patterns
Dominguez, Ximena; Vitiello, Virginia E.; Maier, Michelle F.; Greenfield, Daryl B. – School Psychology Review, 2010
The studies presented in this article longitudinally examined preschool children's learning behavior, which has received increased attention in recent years because of its positive influence on school readiness. The first study used a statewide database (N = 23,434) to examine whether and how learning behavior changed over time. The second study…
Descriptors: Shyness, School Readiness, Student Behavior, Preschool Children
