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Direct linkNooshin Shakiba; Karyn Stapleton – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
Swearing uses language forms that are taboo and potentially offensive. These are often used for emotional expression. Multilingual research shows that because the first language retains most emotional force (Dewaele [2004]. "The Emotional Force of Swearwords and Taboo Words in the Speech of Multilinguals." "Journal of Multilingual…
Descriptors: Immigrants, Indo European Languages, Native Language, Language Usage
Dewaele, Jean-Marc – Multilingua: Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication, 2018
"Cunt" is currently one of the most offensive words in the English language and is usually censored in the English press and media. The present study looks firstly at differences between 1159 first (L1) and 1165 foreign (LX) users of English in their perceived understanding of the word, its perceived offensiveness and their self-reported…
Descriptors: Language Usage, English (Second Language), English, Native Language
Dewaele, Jean-Marc – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2017
An analysis of data collected from 2347 users of English on their self-reported swearing behaviour in English revealed significant higher values for the 1159 native English (L1) users than for the 1165 English foreign language (LX) users. Parallel analyses on the data of the L1 and LX users revealed that the interlocutor effect was slightly…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language Usage
Dewaele, Jean-Marc; Li, Wei – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2014
The present study is a large-scale quantitative analysis of intra-individual variation (linked to type of interlocutor) and inter-individual variation (linked to multilingualism, sociobiographical variables and three personality traits) in self-reported frequency of code-switching (CS) among 2116 multilinguals. We found a significant effect of…
Descriptors: Code Switching (Language), Personality Traits, Multilingualism, Statistical Analysis
