This study investigates the financial literacy of college student-athletes, a group facing unique financial challenges and opportunities, particularly with the growth of name, image, and likeness deals. Using data from the 2020 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, this research compares the financial literacy levels of student-athletes to their non-athlete peers and explores the predictors of financial literacy within the student-athlete population. The findings reveal that student-athletes generally exhibit lower financial literacy than non-student-athletes, even after controlling for demographic and institutional factors. Additionally, significant disparities in financial literacy are observed based on gender, race, and institutional characteristics. These results underscore the need for targeted financial education programs tailored to the specific needs of student-athletes, particularly those from underrepresented groups. The study concludes with recommendations for universities and athletic programs to better support student-athletes in achieving financial competency.