Studied three procedures for estimating the standard errors of school passing rates using a generalizability theory model and considered the effects of student sample size. Results show that procedures differ in terms of assumptions about the populations from which students were sampled, and student sample size was found to have a large effect on…

Used generalizability theory to assess the variation in school scores across very short test forms that measured mathematics scores in grades 4 and 8. More than 25,000 students took each form of the 3 tests for each grade. Results demonstrate the lack of comparability in school scores across short, nonparallel tests forms and the importance of…

The percentage of students at/above a cut point (PAAC) is one of the most common measures used for reporting school-level performance relative to a proficiency standard (L. Cronbach, N. Bradburn, and D. Horvitz, 1994). The two purposes of this study were to introduce procedures for estimating standard errors for school PAACs under a…

School test performance is commonly summarized in terms of the percentage of students at or above a cut score (PAAC) that has been set on a test. Two approaches to estimating the standard errors for school PAACs were examined in this study: conditional standard errors and overall standard errors. The tests used were English language arts and…