Profile analysis is one of the main tools for studying whether differential item functioning can be related to specific features of test items. While relevant, profile analysis in its current form has two restrictions that limit its usefulness in practice: It assumes that all test items have equal discrimination parameters, and it does not test…

Computational thinking (CT) is a fundamental ability for learners in today's society. Although CT assessments and interventions have been studied widely, little is known about CT predictions. This study predicted students' CT achievement in the ICILS 2018 using five machine learning models. These models were trained on the data from five European…

Current student-centred, multilingual, active teaching methodologies require that teachers have continuous access to texts that are adequate in terms of topic and language competence. However, the task of finding appropriate materials is arduous and time consuming for teachers. To build on automatic readability assessment research that could help…

This study aims to compare the G and Phi coefficients as estimated by D studies for a measurement tool with the G and Phi coefficients obtained from real cases in which items of differing difficulty levels were added and also to determine the conditions under which the D studies estimated reliability coefficients closer to reality. The study group…

Game-based assessment (GBA), a specific application of games for learning, has been recognized as an alternative form of assessment. While there is a substantive body of literature that supports the educational benefits of GBA, limited work investigates the validity and generalizability of such systems. In this paper, we describe applications of…

Writing assessments often consist of students responding to multiple prompts, which are judged by more than one rater. To establish the reliability of these assessments, there exist different methods to disentangle variation due to prompts and raters, including classical test theory, Many Facet Rasch Measurement (MFRM), and Generalizability Theory…

It has become a critical question what the reliability level would be when open-ended questions are used in large-scale selection tests. One of the aims of the present study is to determine what the reliability would be in the event that the answers given by test-takers are scored by experts when open-ended short answer questions are used in…

Math curriculum-based measurement (CBM) is an essential tool for multi-tiered systems of support decision making, but the reliability of math CBMs has received little research, particularly using more rigorous methods such as generalizability (G) theory. Math CBM is historically organized into two domains: mastery measures and general outcome…

Findings from experimental studies have increasingly been used to inform policy in school settings. Thus far, the populations in many of these studies are typically defined in a cross-sectional context; namely, the populations are defined in the same academic year in which the study took place or the population is defined at a fixed time point.…

Conscientiousness and interest are well-known predictors of academic effort and achievement. As hypothesized by the Conscientiousness × Interest Compensation (CONIC) model, conscientiousness and interest can (partly) compensate for each other, leading to (comparatively) high effort if either conscientiousness or interest is high. The present…

Drawing on descriptions of research-into-practice initiatives, this article presents a new framework to aid understanding of how research findings influence educational practice at scale. The framework focuses upon five areas: trustworthiness of the findings and generalisability; implications and instructions for practice; support for…

Parental involvement is a reliable predictor of students' school behavior. Findings indicate that the relationship between parental involvement and self-regulated learning is mediated by cultural and socio-economic background. Most studies in this area come from anglophone countries. The current study examined the generalizability of the…

Observation protocol scores are commonly used as status measures to support inferences about teacher practices. When multiple observations are collected for the same teacher over the course of a year, some portion of a teacher's score on each occasion may be attributable to the rater, lesson, and the time of year of the observation. All three of…

It is well-documented that academic achievement is associated with students' self-perceptions of their academic abilities, that is, their academic self-concepts. However, low-achieving students may apply self-protective strategies to maintain a favorable academic self-concept when evaluating their academic abilities. Consequently, the relation…

Adoption of new instructional standards in science demands high-quality information about classroom practice. Teacher portfolios can be used to assess instructional practice and support teacher self-reflection anchored in authentic evidence from classrooms. This study investigated a new type of electronic portfolio tool that allows efficient…