The study examined the ability of preschool-age children to solve five format exemplars of number-numeral correspondence. Results indicated that some children were able to solve number-numeral correspondence problems in some formats and not in others. This deficiency was remediated by training in one, two, or (at most) three format exemplars.…

Research on the environmental conditions promoting generative language learning is reviewed. Recombinative generalization is introduced as a principle of stimulus control that enables individuals to express and to comprehend novel utterances. Alternative matrix-training procedures should be considered in attempts to optimize the development of…

Within a multiple baseline across behaviors design, four hearing impaired children (six to 13 years old) who initially omitted final consonants in words were taught to produce final /k/ and /v/ in a contrast training procedure. Results showed that Ss generalized both final target sounds to a high degree in spontaneous and non-spontaneous contexts.…

The impact of undesirable competing behaviors on maintenance and generalization of desirable behaviors by two 8 year-olds with severe developmental disabilities was examined. Desired behaviors were often replaced by less desirable behaviors which served the same function within maintenance and/or generalization situations. (Author/CL)

The study evaluated an errorless procedure for teaching nine educable mentally retarded students to solve missing minuend problems. Seven Ss acquired the target skill in a nearly errorless fashion in 75 to 172 minutes of individual training time. The other Ss required programatic alterations. (Author/CL)

A combination of instructions, modeling, praise, and feedback was applied for improving work performances with three mildly retarded adults in a business setting. Generalization occured across stimulus conditions and untrained responses, demonstrating that the retarded can be vocationally trained in a normal work setting without elaborate token…

Eight high school students with moderate and severe retardation were trained to locate 15 grocery items through Isolated In Vivo training and Simulation-Plus-In Vivo training. Results indicated that generalization was more likely when the range of stimulus variation in training examples was expanded via in-class simulations. (Author/CL)

The author analyzes evidence from 10 studies on early intervention (EC 181 136--181 145) in terms of the nature and quality of documentation. Qualified support for casual inference in most of the studies is cited along with problems in determining generalizability of findings. (CL)

Two studies examined cross-modal transfer of sign language performance in 11 and 12 children (ages 6-17) with speech, language, or hearing disorders and mild to moderate retardation. Findings indicated that transfer from receptive to productive signing required explicit training, particularly of complex forms. (CL)

Participation over five years by 12 moderately/severely retarded six to 10- year-olds in a Distar Language and Reading Program, which emphasizes direct instruction and general case strategies, resulted in statistically significant IQ gain and improvements in language competency. (CL)

Five young adult rehabilitation clients (IQs 69-88) were successfully trained use written prompts to plan meals within a budget, write grocery lists, and shop effectively. Training consisted of experimenter modeling, subject rehearsal, and experimenter and peer feedback in a multiple probe design. All subjects maintained all skills at acceptable…