According to a language-integrated view of spelling development, learning to spell involves the same language-learning skills across alphabetic systems. A prediction based on this view is that the same spelling training should be equally effective for learning to spell in a shallow (Italian, native language) or an opaque (English, additional…

Fluent word reading is hypothesized to facilitate reading comprehension by improving automatic word reading, thus releasing a reader's cognitive resources to focus on meaning. Many students with learning disabilities (LD) struggle to develop reading fluency, which affects reading comprehension. This synthesis extends Chard, Vaughn, and Tyler's…

A primary hypothesized outcome of consultee-centered consultation, including instructional consultation (IC), is that consultees will become more skilled. However, these claims have not been well researched. Data from 274 teachers implementing IC were analyzed to investigate perceptions of satisfaction and skill development. Results indicated that…

The paper examines cognitive and metacognitive teaching practices in relation to theories of motivation, showing how and why they may inadvertently impede the learning disabled trainee's strategy of generalization. Ways for teachers to counteract such practices as well as implications for research needs are discussed. (Author/CL)

The authors emphasize the need for developing educational interventions that encourage generalization in learning disabled students from one set of responses to another. (CL)

Classification of 140 children with developmental reading disabilities found 54 percent demonstrated deficits in both phonological awareness and visual naming speed and these children were more globally impaired than children with a single deficit. Following 35 hours of word identification training, sizable gains and significant generalization of…

The article outlines an approach to memory remediation that attempts to teach memory-impaired patients domain-specific knowledge relevant to their everyday functioning. Studies support the use of a training technique, the method of vanishing cues, in the successful generalization to the workplace of knowledge acquired in the laboratory. (DB)

The authors review research on techniques to change social behavior, ranging from relatively simple manipulations of antecedent and consequent conditions to complex instructional "packages" involving didactic, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback procedures and examine issues involved in generalization of social skills training as well as ethical…

A vocabulary training program, using parents as sole instructors, led to significant and lasting improvements in word knowledge and lexical access speed for 13 adolescents with dyslexia. Furthermore, when the trained words matched the current vocabulary of the child, the improvement generalized to untrained words. (Author)

A case study of a 10-year-old boy with poor performance in language and math investigated whether increasing on task behavior in one subject area will increase on task behavior in another area. Results indicated that increasing on task behavior in one curriculum area does not necessarily generalize to another area. (PHR)

Two studies required 11 learning disabled (LD) elementary students to spell unknown words using standard written dictation and imitation-modeling. When the LD students were permitted sufficient, though individually variable, exposure to minimal correction procedures, they spontaneously generalized what had been learned from one spelling list to…

Observation of four elementary grade learning disabled children about six months after a social skills training program found generalization of new skills by all subjects to new environments. Training included generalization training in the form of systematic attention by teachers and parents in the new environments. (Author/DB)

This article presents an overview of literature relating to a nonverbal learning disabilities subtype. The article addresses the relationship between nonverbal learning disabilities and socioemotional functioning, generalizability of research outcomes, individual differences, and treatment validity. (Author/JDD)

This study demonstrated the effectiveness and efficiency of a constant time delay procedure (four seconds) to teach five elementary students with learning disabilities multiplication facts. Learning generalized to a paper-and-pencil task, to a different presentation orientation, and to reverse facts. (DB)