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Showing all 14 results Save | Export
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Tan, Mei; Bowers, Megan; Thuma, Phil; Grigorenko, Elena L. – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2020
Efavirenz (EFV) is a well-known, effective anti-retroviral drug long used in first-line treatment for children and adults with HIV and HIV/AIDS. Due to its narrow window of effective concentrations, between 1 and 4 µg/mL, and neurological side effects at supratherapeutic levels, several investigations into the pharmacokinetics of the drug and its…
Descriptors: Drug Therapy, Outcomes of Treatment, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Neurology
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Del Giudice, Marco – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2015
Middle childhood is a key transitional stage in the development of attachment processes and representations. Here I discuss the middle childhood transition from an evolutionary-developmental perspective and show how this approach offers fresh insight into the function and organization of attachment in this life stage. I begin by presenting an…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Child Development, Children, Developmental Stages
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Voos, Avery; Pelphrey, Kevin – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2013
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), with its excellent spatial resolution and ability to visualize networks of neuroanatomical structures involved in complex information processing, has become the dominant technique for the study of brain function and its development. The accessibility of in-vivo pediatric brain-imaging techniques…
Descriptors: Diagnostic Tests, Brain, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Molecular Biology
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McPartland, James C.; Pelphrey, Kevin A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Social disability represents a unifying feature in the diverse group of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social neuroscience is the study of brain mechanisms supporting interpersonal interaction. In this paper, we review brain imaging studies of the social brain and highlight practical applications of these scientific insights.…
Descriptors: Autism, Neurology, Brain, Antisocial Behavior
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Johnston, Michael V. – Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2009
Neuronal plasticity allows the central nervous system to learn skills and remember information, to reorganize neuronal networks in response to environmental stimulation, and to recover from brain and spinal cord injuries. Neuronal plasticity is enhanced in the developing brain and it is usually adaptive and beneficial but can also be maladaptive…
Descriptors: Neurological Organization, Stimulation, Cerebral Palsy, Child Development
Scott, Lisa – Education Digest: Essential Readings Condensed for Quick Review, 2009
Stuttering interferes with a person's ability to speak fluently. It involves the repetition; prolongation; or blockage of sounds, syllables, or words. When a child stutters, he may hesitate to raise his hand in class, read aloud, or talk with other children in the class. Stuttering usually begins between the ages of two and four. While there is no…
Descriptors: Stuttering, Genetics, Child Development, Oral Reading
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Plomin, Robert; Kovas, Yulia; Haworth, Claire M. A. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2007
Genetics contributes importantly to learning abilities and disabilities--not just to reading, the target of most genetic research, but also to mathematics and other academic areas as well. One of the most important recent findings from quantitative genetic research such as twin studies is that the same set of genes is largely responsible for…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Genetics, Brain, Cognitive Ability
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Grigorenko, Elena L. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2007
This article offers some thoughts on possible connections between genomics and education. Genomics is already revolutionizing the way medical care is delivered and distributed; it will inevitably affect children's developmental trajectories by introducing more pharmacological and behavioral therapies. Educators should be prepared to understand the…
Descriptors: Child Development, Adolescents, Therapy, Children
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Durston, Sarah; Konrad, Kerstin – Developmental Review, 2007
This paper aims to illustrate how combining multiple approaches can inform us about the neurobiology of ADHD. Converging evidence from genetic, psychopharmacological and functional neuroimaging studies has implicated dopaminergic fronto-striatal circuitry in ADHD. However, while the observation of converging evidence from multiple vantage points…
Descriptors: Pharmacology, Genetics, Attention Deficit Disorders, Hyperactivity
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Gothelf, Doron; Schaer, Marie; Eliez, Stephan – Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2008
Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) has been in the focus of intensive research over the last 15 years. The syndrome represents a homogeneous model for studying the effect of a decreased dosage of genes on the development of brain structure and function and, consequently, on the emergence of schizophrenia-like psychotic disorder. In this review, we…
Descriptors: Schizophrenia, Risk, Neurology, Young Adults
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), 2009
The Child Development & Behavior (CDB) Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) seeks to improve the health and well-being of individuals from infancy through early adulthood by supporting research into healthy growth and development, including all aspects of child development. The study of typical child…
Descriptors: Child Health, Child Development, Well Being, Health Promotion
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Allen, Marilee C. – Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2005
Neuromaturation is the functional development of the central nervous system (CNS). It is by its very nature a dynamic process, a continuous interaction between the genome and first the intrauterine environment, then the extrauterine environment. Understanding neuromaturation and being able to measure it is fundamental to infant neurodevelopmental…
Descriptors: Early Intervention, Pregnancy, Infants, Anatomy
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Richardson, Sylvia O. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1992
This article offers a historical overview of the neurological aspects of dyslexia (originally seen as related to aphasia) and a review of familial and genetic factors in developmental dyslexia. Psycholinguistic models of dyslexia as they relate to neurological concepts are presented and the evolution of successful remedial methods is summarized.…
Descriptors: Aphasia, Child Development, Dyslexia, Educational History
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Butterworth, Brian – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
Background: Arithmetical skills are essential to the effective exercise of citizenship in a numerate society. How these skills are acquired, or fail to be acquired, is of great importance not only to individual children but to the organisation of formal education and its role in society. Method: The evidence on the normal and abnormal…
Descriptors: Evidence, Neurology, Genetics, Arithmetic