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Stuttering in Adults: The Acoustic Startle Response, Temperamental Traits, and Biological Factors
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Alm, Per A.; Risberg, Jarl – Journal of Communication Disorders, 2007
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between stuttering and a range of variables of possible relevance, with the main focus on neuromuscular reactivity, and anxiety. The explorative analysis also included temperament, biochemical variables, heredity, preonset lesions, and altered auditory feedback (AAF). An increased level of…
Descriptors: Stuttering, Adults, Heredity, Genetics
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Rapid Naming and Reading Ability: A Twin Study.
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Davis, Chayna J.; Knopik, Valerie S.; Olson, Richard K.; Wadsworth, Sally J.; DeFries, John C. – Annals of Dyslexia, 2001
A study assessed genetic and environmental etiologies of reading, rapid naming (RN), and their covariation using data from 587 twin pairs (ages 7-20) in which one student had reading difficulties and from 360 control pairs. Correlation between reading and RN performances for subjects was significantly higher than that of controls. (Contains…
Descriptors: Biological Influences, Elementary Secondary Education, Environmental Influences, Etiology
Different Parameters Support Generalization and Discrimination Learning in "Drosophila" at the Flight Simulator
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Brembs, Bjorn; de Ibarra, Natalie Hempel – Learning & Memory, 2006
We have used a genetically tractable model system, the fruit fly "Drosophila melanogaster" to study the interdependence between sensory processing and associative processing on learning performance. We investigated the influence of variations in the physical and predictive properties of color stimuli in several different operant-conditioning…
Descriptors: Stimulus Generalization, Stimuli, Discrimination Learning, Simulation
Specific Reading Disability: A View of the Spectrum.
Shapiro, Bruce K., Ed.; Accardo, Pasquale J., Ed.; Capute, Arnold J., Ed. – 1998
This book is a compendium of papers presented March 18-20, 1996, at the eighteenth annual Spectrum of Developmental Disabilities course. Research findings are presented that address identification, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of specific reading disability. Individual chapters include: (1) "Dyslexia: The Evolution of a Concept" (John…
Descriptors: Biological Influences, Clinical Diagnosis, Disability Identification, Dyslexia
Differential Genetic Etiology of Reading Disability as a Function of IQ.
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Wadsworth, Sally J.; Olson, Richard K.; Pennington, Bruce F.; DeFries, John C. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2000
Composite reading performance data from 223 pairs of identical twins and 169 same-gender fraternal twins in which at least one member was classified with reading disability were subjected to multiple regression analysis. Results indicated that the genetic etiology of reading disability differs as a linear function of IQ. (Contains extensive…
Descriptors: Biological Influences, Children, Disability Identification, Environmental Influences
Progress and Problems in the Study of Adolescence.
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Hoffman, Lois Wladis – Developmental Psychology, 1996
Considers the increase in research on adolescence, with attention to its transitional aspects during the adolescent period and as a bridge between childhood and adulthood. In addition, discusses the effort to examine interactional processes between parent and child and between environment and genes, with respect to the articles of this special…
Descriptors: Adolescent Attitudes, Adolescent Development, Adolescents, Behavior Development
The Developmental Interface between Nature and Nurture: A Mutual Influence Model of Child Antisocial Behavior and Parent Behaviors.
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Ge, Xiaojia; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1996
Examined evidence for reciprocal influence between adoptive parents' behavior and heritable characteristics of adopted children. Found that psychiatric disorders of biological parents were significantly related to children's antisocial/hostile behaviors and consequently with adoptive parents' behavior. Also, the adoptee's antisocial/hostile…
Descriptors: Adolescent Attitudes, Adolescent Development, Adolescents, Adopted Children