Examines definitions of "gifted" and "underachiever," identifying factors considered when assigning these terms. Reports on a study of underachieving, gifted, working-class boys that found the label "underachieving" to be falsely applied when these boys are content with their social position and life-style. (Author/AEM)

The following issues in identification of the gifted and their recruitment into special programs are discussed: (1) characteristics of diverse populations that hinder identification; (2) recruitment procedures; (3) selection criteria; (4) quality of measures used for identification; and (5) training and skills of examiners. (PS)