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Bang Quan Zheng; Peter M. Bentler – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2025
This paper aims to advocate for a balanced approach to model fit evaluation in structural equation modeling (SEM). The ongoing debate surrounding chi-square test statistics and fit indices has been characterized by ambiguity and controversy. Despite the acknowledged limitations of relying solely on the chi-square test, its careful application can…
Descriptors: Monte Carlo Methods, Structural Equation Models, Goodness of Fit, Robustness (Statistics)
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Bai, Yun; Poon, Wai-Yin; Cheung, Gordon Wai Hung – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2006
Two-level data sets are frequently encountered in social and behavioral science research. They arise when observations are drawn from a known hierarchical structure, as when individuals are randomly drawn from groups that are randomly drawn from a target population. When the covariance structures in the group level and the individual level are the…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Predictor Variables, Social Science Research, Behavioral Science Research
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Mayer, Matthew J. – Journal of School Violence, 2004
Methodological challenges associated with structural equation modeling (SEM) and structured means modeling (SMM) in research on school violence and related topics in the social and behavioral sciences are examined. Problems associated with multiyear implementations of large-scale surveys are discussed. Complex sample designs, part of any…
Descriptors: Violence, Structural Equation Models, Research Methodology, Measures (Individuals)