Grading reliability for a class can be measured as the correlation between the students' grade point average (GPA) and the grades they received in that class. Grading leniency can be measured as the difference between the average grade for the class and the students' average GPA. Data from more than fifty-thousand course sections show that lenient…

This paper examines the continual increase in the proportion of "good" honour degrees awarded by UK universities since the mid-2000s. This trend has brought with it the charge of "grade inflation" that may reflect falling standards in UK higher education. This issue has been raised in the national press and in government which…

In this article, grade integrity is defined as the extent to which each grade awarded, either at the conclusion of a course or module of study, or for an extended response to an assessment task, is strictly commensurate with the quality, breadth and depth of a student's performance. The three basic requirements for this aspiration to be realised…