Background/purpose: This study aimed to develop a Proposed Model for Social and Cultural Heritage in Early Grade Social Education Textbooks in Jordan. Materials/methods: The study adopted a qualitative methodology, involving content analysis of the textbooks for grades one, two, four, and five, along with interviews conducted with 35 experts in…

Reading literacy (RL) is the core type of literacy of university students. However, the factors that affect the RL of undergraduates have not been thoroughly investigated in previous studies. This study examined the relationships between individual, family, and institutional factors and RL in a sample of 66,312 Chinese undergraduate students. The…

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between writing motivation and performance for students in grades three to five, and whether scores differed based on students' language status, gender, or grade level. Three student language groups were included: (1) emergent bilingual students currently receiving services for English…