To understand students' perspectives on high school GPA, in September 2023, ACT reached out to a random sample of high school students via an online survey. The survey questions centered on students' perceptions of how well high school GPA represents content mastery, whether it is fair to use high school GPA as a benchmark in college admissions, and whether it is fair that taking advanced courses can result in a higher GPA. The authors endeavored to explore the myriad of nonacademic influences on high school students' GPAs. They also examined which metrics students used to assess their college readiness. Using a mixed-methods approach that employed both quantitative analysis and qualitative insights, the authors tried to capture a broader perspective on high school GPA. What follows are key findings from this study. Where applicable, the report notes significant differences by student subgroups (e.g., race/ethnicity, family income, and gender).