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Umut Özek; Louis T. Mariano – Thomas B. Fordham Institute, 2023
For many years, the conventional wisdom in the field was that grade retention was a bad idea. A 1997 opinion piece in "Education Week" titled "Grade retention doesn't work" reflected the prevailing sentiment in the education community and the available research evidence at that time: retained students performed worse than their…
Descriptors: Grade Repetition, Program Effectiveness, Cost Effectiveness, Student Needs
Winters, Marcus A. – Center for State and Local Leadership, 2012
State and municipal policymakers are increasingly addressing the practice of social promotion in schools--moving children along to the next grade whether or not they have mastered the curriculum--by mandating test-based grade promotion. This paper draws conclusions about the effects of a policy limiting social promotion. To do so, it employs a…
Descriptors: Social Promotion, Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5
Thrust for Educational Leadership, 1999
Presents samples of strategies some California schools use using to help students not meeting grade-level standards. Programs include "Success for All," individualized learning plans, afterschool tutorials, a parent math-refresher course, personalized assignments, and literacy labs. Program funding, evaluation methods, results, and…
Descriptors: Costs, Elementary Secondary Education, Grade Repetition, Intervention
Greene, Jay P.; Winters, Marcus A. – Education Working Paper Archive, 2006
Social promotion has long been the normal practice in American schools. Critics of this practice, whereby students are promoted to the next grade regardless of academic preparation, have suggested that students would benefit academically if they were made to repeat a grade. Supporters of social promotion claim that retaining students (i.e, holding…
Descriptors: Social Promotion, Grade Repetition, Standardized Tests, Educational Policy
Jimerson, Shane R.; Pletcher, Sarah M. W.; Graydon, Kelly; Schnurr, Britton L.; Nickerson, Amanda B.; Kundert, Deborah K. – Psychology in the Schools, 2006
During the past decade, amidst the current context emphasizing educational standards and accountability, the practice of grade retention has increased. The call for an end to social promotion has generated a variety of recommendations and legislation regarding promotion policies. This context has served as a catalyst for numerous debates regarding…
Descriptors: High Risk Students, School Holding Power, Intervention, Social Promotion
Greene, Jay P.; Winters, Marcus A. – Education Next, 2006
Of the many entrenched school customs that have been reconsidered and reformed over the past decade, social promotion has been among the most resistant to change. Holding children back in the same grade has long been frowned upon, and a large body of research seems to support that point of view. Despite the old habits and the old research,…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Social Promotion, Grade Repetition, State Standards
McCombs, Jennifer Sloan, Ed.; Kirby, Sheila Nataraj, Ed.; Mariano, Louis T., Ed. – RAND Corporation, 2009
Many states and school districts are implementing test-based requirements for promotion at key transitional points in students' schooling careers, thus ending the practice of "social promotion"--promoting students who have failed to meet academic standards and requirements for that grade. In 2003-2004, the New York City Department of…
Descriptors: Summer Schools, Intervention, Grade Repetition, Social Promotion
Fager, Jennifer; Richen, Rae – 1999
This booklet, part of a series of reports on "hot topics" in education review the research and conventional wisdom concerning retention and promotion and includes an exploration of alternative practices that can be used to prevent failure and improve a student's chances for successful remediation. The booklet also describes how two…
Descriptors: Academic Failure, Educational Change, Educational Policy, Educational Practices
Muir, Mike – Education Partnerships, Inc., 2004
No Child Left Behind is one of several factors motivating more and more high schools to work with their students to stay on track to graduating within four years. Unfortunately, research shows that neither by themselves works especially well: retention and social promotion are expensive failures. They are ineffective in improving student learning…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, At Risk Students, Grade Repetition, Dropouts
Roderick, Melissa; Nagaoka, Jenny; Allensworth, Elaine – Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 2005
In 1996, Chicago became the epicenter for this debate when it "ended social promotion" in the third, sixth, and eighth grades. While not the first, Chicago's initiative has been the most sustained to date and has produced the clearest evidence of positive as well as negative results. Test scores rose rapidly after the institution of…
Descriptors: Testing, Social Promotion, High Stakes Tests, Scores
Graves-Desai, Kelly, Ed. – Harvard Education Letter, 1999
This document is comprised of the six issues in volume 15 of the Harvard Education Letter, a bimonthly newsletter addressing current issues in elementary and secondary education. Articles in this volume include the following: (1) January-February--"Retention vs. Social Promotion: Schools Search for Alternatives" (Kelly), and "School…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Art Education, Brain, Classroom Techniques
Stone, Susan; Jacob, Robin Tepper – Education Next, 2005
Despite mixed reviews from many educators--and some researchers--Chicago's retention policy to end social promotion has turned out to be a popular program. Surprisingly, perhaps, its most avid fans are the people most affected by it: teachers and students. Chicago's ending of social promotion was intended to make educators pay more attention to…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Teacher Surveys, Student Surveys, Reading Skills
Lorence, Jon; Dworkin, Anthony Gary.; Toenjes, Laurence A.; Hill, Antwanette N. – Brookings Papers on Education Policy, 2002
Although considerable research examines the impact of grade retention on student academic achievement, various shortcomings exhibited across these studies make it difficult to derive any concrete generalizations about the effectiveness of requiring students to repeat a grade. By utilizing data based on a cohort of all low-achieving elementary…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade Repetition, Reading Tests, Social Promotion