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Cathey, James E.; Demers, Richard A. – Language, 1976
This article maintains that linguistic generalizations are likely to be invalid when they are based on data whose synchronic status is not well-defined. An example is made of the universal principles of grammatical rule ordering proposed in a 1974 study by Koutsoudas, Sanders, and Noll. (CLK)
Descriptors: Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar, Language Patterns, Language Research
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Lakoff, George – Language, 1972
Descriptors: Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar, Language Universals, Linguistic Theory
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Birnbaum, Henrik – Linguistics, 1975
Addresses some of the problems concerning the hierarchical relationship between language typology and genetic linguistics and between typology and universal grammar. (RM)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Descriptive Linguistics, Diachronic Linguistics, Grammar
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Koutsoudas, Andreas; And Others – Language, 1974
Descriptors: Consonants, Descriptive Linguistics, Diachronic Linguistics, Distinctive Features (Language)
Wilbur, Ronnie – Langages, 1979
Presents a linguistic description of American Sign Language (ASL) phonology, morphology, and syntax. (AM)
Descriptors: American Sign Language, Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar, Language Universals
Ultan, Russell – 1972
This paper draws from data on 123 languages to examine the semantics of comparative systems in an attempt to define as closely as possible the relationships that exist among three basic types of constructions and among their constituents. It is determined that superlatives mark absolute disparity, that comparatives mark relative disparity, and…
Descriptors: Adjectives, Adverbs, Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics
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Dinnsen, Daniel A. – Language, 1974
Revised and expanded version of a paper presented at the University of Texas, Austin, October 1971 and at the Linguistic Society of America annual meeting, December 1971. (DD)
Descriptors: Consonants, Descriptive Linguistics, Distinctive Features (Language), Grammar
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Campbell, Lyle – Language, 1974
Descriptors: Consonants, Descriptive Linguistics, Distinctive Features (Language), English
Univ. of Essex Language Centre Occasional Papers, 1978
This issue is devoted to language universals and consists of 4 papers. "Zulu Nominal Modification - An Outline," by A. Johnston, discusses modifiers in Zulu and their relation to nominals. "Shape Classifiers and Natural Categories," by S.G. Pulman, discusses the role of the dimension of "shape" in language…
Descriptors: Adjectives, Case (Grammar), Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar
Harries, Helga – 1973
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how languages express contrastive emphasis. It is argued that all contrastively emphasized constructions have underlying cleft sentences, independent of whether the surface structure is an equational or a nonequational one. It is furthermore argued that emphatic word orders are systematic and predictable…
Descriptors: Contrastive Linguistics, Deep Structure, Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar
Roceric, Alexandra – 1972
This paper examines the semantic structure of antonyms on the basis of some examples taken from Romanian. Both grammatical and lexical antonyms are considered with a view toward grasping the correspondence and differences between the two classes. Representative examples illustrate the following conclusions: (1) the distinction between lexical and…
Descriptors: Componential Analysis, Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar, Language Classification
Heringer, James T.; And Others – 1972
This collection of working papers contains four papers on varied topics in lintuistic theory. The first paper, "Some Grammatical Correlates of Felicity Conditions and Presuppositions," attempts to show that there is a systematic relationship between what a speaker of a language does in uttering sentences of that language and the syntactic form of…
Descriptors: Deep Structure, Descriptive Linguistics, Diachronic Linguistics, Grammar
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Politzer, Robert L. – International Review of Applied Linguistics, 1965
Pedagogical implications of transfer of training theory and of an assumed universal grammar, as related to second language learning processes, are reviewed in this article. In recent years, the concept of a universal grammar has lost its credibility. The author urges, however, that grammar be conceived as a process or method of generating or…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar, Language Instruction
Laird, Charlton – 1973
The structure, complexity, and peculiarities of the English language are examined in this book, which begins with a discussion of the nature of language. Chapters are devoted to (1) naming--"Language as Answer to a Need"; (2) grammar--"Language as Economy"; (3) words--"Language as the Finding of Minds"; (4) etymology--"Language to Stretch Brains…
Descriptors: Descriptive Linguistics, Diachronic Linguistics, Dialects, Etymology
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Connors, Kathleen – 1974
This paper is intended to be the first part of a study contrasting the subjunctive of French with that of English and comparing it in both languages with the syntactic devices that can replace it. It examines the syntactic constraints on the use of subjunctive forms in French, the semantic contrast between indicative and subjunctive forms, and the…
Descriptors: Context Clues, Contrastive Linguistics, Descriptive Linguistics, English
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