This research aimed to reveal teachers' opinions about how the grammar-teaching process is related to the acquisitions in the curriculum, activities, and acquisitions presented in the textbooks teaching in mother tongue, the study reviewed different textbooks from four publishers, Cem, Sonuç, Koza, and Ministry of National Education (MEB)…

Many U.S. adult schools currently aim to create academic and career pathways by implementing higher order thinking and metalinguistic application in their ESL curriculum. However, this 'ability to reflect on and manipulate the structural features of language' poses a significant hurdle to adult ESL learners newly learning to read and write, as…

This comparative case study investigated integrated reading-writing instruction (IRWI) as an approach for writing instruction implemented after the adoption of Common Core State Standards (NGA & CCSSO, 2010a). Specifically, I explored the nature of IRWI through video-recorded observations of writing instruction, teachers' perspectives towards…

The ways in which literacy in English is taught in school generally subscribe to and perpetuate the notion of a homogenous, unvaried set of writing conventions associated with the language they represent, especially in relation to spelling and punctuation as well as grammar. Such teaching also perpetuates the myth that there is one…

This paper reports on the oral reading of five grade 2 to 6 isiXhosa (L1) speakers reading isiXhosa (L1) and English (L2) texts. It examines the readers' oral reading miscues (or errors) to understand the extent to which these miscues constitute a language or a literacy problem in this group of readers. Conclusions are that (a) these readers read…

This manual is designed to teach learners of Deg Xinag, an Athabaskan language, its phonology, grammar, and common expressions. The first chapter details the phonological characteristics, pronunciation rules, and orthography of Deg Xinag. The second chapter lists common expressions, and the third provides six dialogues in Deg Xinag, with…

This curriculum guide, almost entirely in Spanish, outlines adult basic education course content to be taught in a Spanish-language high school equivalency program. The course is designed to help students prepare for the General Educational Development (G.E.D.) exam in written expression. The guide begins with a Spanish skills placement test.…

This text for use in teaching Koniag Alutiiq, the Kodiak Island dialect of Alutiiq, contains 20 units on its phonology, morphology, and grammar. Each unit consists of 4 to 13 lessons. The alphabet used is one developed for the Kenai Peninsula dialect and adapted slightly for Koniag Alutiiq. The first unit focuses on phonological patterns and…