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Ares Llop Naya; Eloi Puig-Mayenco; Anna Paradís – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2025
This paper provides fresh insights on how PIs (Polarity Items) in non-veridical contexts (questions and conditionals) are represented in the grammar of multilingual learners of Catalan at different stages of development. It explores how this non-native grammatical system interacts with other previously acquired systems of negation and the implicit…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Multilingualism, English (Second Language), English
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Apaloo, Marie; Cardoso, Walcir – Language Awareness, 2022
Possessive determiners (PDs) "his" and "her" are challenging for L2 learners to acquire, and this difficulty has been attributed to several factors, including negative L1 transfer effects (White et al., 2007). What researchers have not yet considered is how PDs are acquired by learners whose L1 predicts positive transfer…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Portuguese, Dialects, Second Language Learning
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Martinez, Ruth Maria; Goad, Heather; Dow, Michael – Second Language Research, 2023
Feature-based approaches to acquisition principally focus on second language (L2) learners' ability to perceive non-native consonants when the features required are either contrastively present or entirely absent from the first language (L1) grammar. As features may function contrastively or allophonically in the consonant and/or vowel systems of…
Descriptors: Portuguese, Language Variation, Second Language Learning, Native Language
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Ana Espírito Santo; Nélia Alexandre; Sílvia Perpiñán – Second Language Research, 2024
This article reports on an experimental study on the acquisition of prepositional relative clauses in second language European Portuguese by Chinese native speakers. It focuses on the role of resumption, mandatory in prepositional relative clauses in Chinese (the native language of the learners) and non-conventional in European Portuguese (the…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Phrase Structure, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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López Otero, Julio César; Cuza, Alejandro; Jiao, Jian – Second Language Research, 2023
The present study examines the production and intuition of Spanish clitics in clitic left dislocation (CLLD) structures among 26 Spanish heritage speakers (HSs) born and raised in Brazil. We tested clitic production and intuition in contexts in which Spanish clitics vary as a function of the semantic features of the object that they refer to.…
Descriptors: Spanish, Native Language, Intuition, Semantics
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Jennifer Cabrelli; Michael Iverson – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2024
While formal L3 morphosyntactic acquisition research has focused on the roles of the L1 versus L2 during the L3 initial stages, we examine their roles during development. Specifically, we explore whether the L3 (here, Portuguese) revision process after non-facilitative transfer differs whether the initial L3 representation reflects the L1 or L2.…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Second Language Learning, Native Language, Transfer of Training
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Amenós-Pons, José; Ahern, Aoife; Guijarro-Fuentes, Pedro – Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics, 2019
Considering the acquisition of past tense uses by L2 Spanish advanced learners with closely related L1s (French, Portuguese), this study attempts to identify factors associated with variability, such as negative transfer or interface integration. We report data on the acquisition, by adult L1 French and Portuguese learners at B2 and C1 CEFR…
Descriptors: Spanish, Portuguese, French, Second Language Learning
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Schwartz, Misha; Goad, Heather – Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics, 2017
This article proposes that second language learners can use indirect positive evidence (IPE) to acquire a phonological grammar that is a subset of their L1 grammar. IPE is evidence from errors in the learner's L1 made by native speakers of the learner's L2. It has been assumed that subset grammars may be acquired using direct or indirect negative…
Descriptors: Grammar, Native Language, Language Acquisition, Second Language Learning
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Rothman, Jason; Iverson, Michael – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2013
This study tests native Brazilian Portuguese (BP) speakers of second language (L2) Spanish in the domain of phonologically null object pronouns. This is a worthwhile first language (L1)-L2 pairing given that these languages are historically and typologically related and both seemingly allow for object drop. Nevertheless, the underlying syntax of…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Research, Spanish, Syntax
Iverson, Michael Bryan – ProQuest LLC, 2012
Language acquisition research frequently concerns itself with linguistic development and result of the acquisition process with respect to a first or subsequent language. For some, it seems tacitly assumed that a first language, once acquired, remains stable, regardless of exposure to and the acquisition of additional language(s) beyond the first…
Descriptors: Language Skill Attrition, Validity, Language Research, Spanish
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Montrul, Silvina; Dias, Rejanes; Santos, Helade – Second Language Research, 2011
This article addresses the role of previously acquired languages in the acquisition of a third language (L3) in two experimental studies on object expression in Brazilian Portuguese (BP). Participants were English-speaking learners of BP as L3 with knowledge of Spanish as a second language (L2) and Spanish-speaking learners of BP with knowledge of…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Speech Communication, Form Classes (Languages), Grammar