Evidence of sensitivity to graphotactic and morphological patterns in English spelling has been extensively examined in monolinguals. Comparatively few studies have examined bilinguals' sensitivity to spelling regularities. The present study compared late Chinese-English bilinguals and English monolinguals on their sensitivity to systematic…

Inasmuch as the fact that writing is a cognitively demanding task and as a step toward overcoming some of the barriers English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners face during writing performance, this study attempted to investigate Iranian EFL learners' perceptions toward the most common writing difficulties. To this end, 120 Iranian EFL learners…

It is pertinent to observe that the vagaries of the English language grammar constitute a major problem in the teaching and learning of English in a second language situation like Nigeria. The inherent structural irregularities within the English language have made it difficult for users and learners of English to grapple with the unconventional…

Given that grammatical and spelling errors have been found to influence perceived competence and credibility in written communication, this study examined how a student's grammar and spelling errors affect how other students respond to the student's postings in four online debates hosted in asynchronous threaded discussions. Message-response…

What helps us determine whether a word is a noun or a verb, without conscious awareness? We report on cues in the way individual English words are spelled, and, for the first time, identify their neural correlates via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used a lexical decision task with trisyllabic nouns and verbs containing…

This brochure discusses, in lay terms, how computers process language and why they may have difficulty in processing English. The brochure points out that English is a more difficult language to process than most people think, and that the brain is far more complex than the computer in its ability to decipher meaning. The examples of the word…

Special issue devoted to the topic of standard spoken usage. (VM)

Noting that grammar is alive, changing, and controversial, this book offers a combination of guidelines and creative language use for people who have already been exposed to the rules of grammar to help them start building their own style of speaking and writing. The first part of the book "Recalling the Parts of Speech," provides a…

Facts on the grammar of Kazakh, spoken in Kazakhstan, are presented. They are intended as a guide, not an instructional text. Information is presented in the form of notes and word lists on the following topics: orthography (the Cyrillic alphabet, spelling reform, stylistic and dialectal alternations, common misspellings, and homographs);…

Twenty texts in the Chinese dialect of Shanghai city are presented as a tool for those familiar with some dialect of Chinese who are learning this variety. The texts, recorded as spontaneous speech, were originally collected for grammatical analysis and have been revised somewhat for print form. They are arranged in approximate order of…

The first complete descriptive grammar of Lillooet, an interior Salish language spoken in British Columbia (Canada), uses the structuralist method to provide a detailed analysis of the language's sound system, word structure, and syntax, and to explain their functions and positions within Lillooet's overall linguistic structure. The account is…

this study, an analysis of poetry in Tina Sambal, a Philippine language spoken by about 70,000 persons in northern Zambales province, looks at the characteristics of the different poetic genres and poetic conventions followed in writing songs and poems. Primary emphasis is on phonological restrictions, grammatical liberties, and semantic…

THE USEFULNESS OF MODERN GRAMMAR, PARTICULARLY OF KNOWLEDGE OF LANGUAGE PATTERNS, IN FACILITATING READING EFFICIENCY IS CONSIDERED IN A DISCUSSION OF THE IMPLICATIONS OF STRUCTURE IN LANGUAGE FOR THE TEACHING OF READING. THE FOLLOWING TOPICS ARE DISCUSSED--(1) THE DUAL CONCEPT OF MEANING, (2) THE FOUR STAGES OF LANGUAGE STRUCTURE (SOUNDS,…

This dictionary covers the Central Yup'ik Eskimo language spoken in southwestern Alaska. An introductory section provides notes on Yup'ik phonology and orthography, outlines the volume's format, discusses several special issues in translation and phonology, and describes a number of dialects. The main section of the dictionary lists base words,…

PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS FOR THE CLASSROOM TEACHER OF READING ARE REPORTED BY PARTICIPANTS OF AN INSTITUTE ON THE APPLICATION OF LINGUISTICS TO SPELLING AND READING INSTRUCTION. CHAPTER 1, "PHONEMICS AND ORTHOGRAPHY IN READING INSTRUCTION," TRACES SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PHONEMICS, PHONETICS, PHONICS, ORTHOGRAPHY, AND READING INSTRUCTION.…