Since the ultimate success of any diagram rests in its clarity, it is important that the designer select a method of presentation which will achieve this aim. He should be aware of the various ways in which statistics can be shown diagrammatically, how information can be incorporated in maps, and how events can be plotted in chart or graph form.…

Treats visuals as sites of power inscription. Advances a Foucauldian design model based on the Panoptican--Jeremy Bentham's architectural figure for empowerment based on bimodal surveillance. Notes that numerous examples serve in demonstrating that maximum effectiveness results when visuals foster simultaneous viewing in the two panoptic modes,…

This handbook is designed to help educational professionals develop cross-functional or departmental quality teams. Nine chapters focus on: (1) the concept of Total Quality Management (TQM) and 14 points for quality in education; (2) team goals and formation; (3) stages of successful team building; (4) the development of quality task teams; (5)…

Describes ways for school newspapers and yearbooks to better communicate through "infographics" (a graphic representation of primarily statistical data that helps to tell the story). (RS)

Examines the relationship between the linguistic component and the graphic component of university texts and articles. (AM)

Introductory college level geography textbooks can be enhanced by using scatter diagrams and double criteria classifications, both of which reveal generalizations and specific facts about location. Scatter diagrams, a series of dots on a graph, illustrate relationships among phenomena that covary, e.g., national birth and infant mortality rates.…

Discusses the types and functions of graphic displays found in textbooks, whether they facilitate learning, how well students read graphic displays, and what classroom teachers can do to help students read and interpret graphic displays. (SR)

Argues that graphic images and technologies can be of substantial help to social work practitioners for assessment and intervention with children and families. Suggests a range of graphic tools and techniques, including profiles, ecomaps, sequential ecomaps, contingency diagrams, concurrent graphing, and computerized Visual EcoScan. (DR)

The eight articles and two commentaries of this theme issue indicate the main lines of thinking represented at a symposium on the comprehension of graphics in text. The common assumption is that graphics per se do not have a direct effect on learning results but are effective only when processed adequately. (SLD)

Discusses research on representational pictures, which share physical resemblance with the concept the picture represents; analogical pictures, which convey a concept; and arbitrary pictures, or highly schematized visuals related logically to the things they represent. The contributions of each type to adult conceptual learning and learning from…

The use of graphics as an effective method of data communication is discussed for various types of research reports in higher education. The need to display information in a concise format and the importance of the stratification of data are stressed. The authors illustrate and discuss some of the types of graphs that can be used to communicate…

Compares the "New York Times" and the "Asahi Shimbun" in terms of density, variety, and extensive use of statistical and didactic graphics. Concludes that cultural factors account for the style of newspaper graphics, social factors for their acceptability, and organizational factors for their type and density. (JMF)

The use of quantitative graphics in newspapers requires achieving a balance between being accurate and getting the attention of the reader. The statistical representations in newspapers are drawn by graphic designers whose key technique is fusion--the striking combination of two visual images. This technique often results in visual puns,…

Describes an instructional technique called "creative graphing" in which students learn to reorder information visually, to interpret the graphic aids of their textbooks more easily, to highlight relationships that are not immediately apparent in the text, and to illuminate ideas for further exploration using charts, trees, stars,…

This article discusses tools developed to aid the systems analysis process (program evaluation and review technique, Gantt charts, organizational charts, decision tables, flowcharts, hierarchy plus input-process-output). Similarities and differences among techniques, library applications of analysis, structured systems analysis, and the data flow…